{"ID":59666,"name":"National Association for the Advancement of Colored People v. Patterson","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1957\/91","view_count":0,"docket_number":"91","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","second_party":"Patterson","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[-377460000,-377373600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/47622"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[-363121200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/47623"}],"lower_court":null,"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EAlabama sought to prevent the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from conducting further business in the state. After the circuit court issued a restraining order, the state issued a subpoena for various records, including the NAACP\u0027s membership lists.\u00a0\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDid Alabama\u0027s requirement violate the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EIn an opinion authored by Justice John M. Harlan II, a unanimous Court decided in favor of the petitioners, holding that \u0022Immunity from state scrutiny of petitioner\u0027s membership lists is here so related to the right of petitioner\u0027s members to pursue their lawful private interests privately and to associate freely with others in doing so as to come within the protection of the Fourteenth Amendment.\u0022 Further, the Court held that freedom to associate with organizations dedicated to the \u0022advancement of beliefs and ideas\u0022 is an inseparable part of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Justice Harlan concluded that the state\u0027s obtaining the names of the Association\u0027s membership would likely interfere with the free association of its members, so the state\u0027s interest in obtaining the records was superseded by the constitutional rights of the petitioners.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":null,"oral_argument_audio":[{"id":13364,"title":"Oral Argument - January 15, 1958","public_note":null,"unavailable":null,"display_title":null,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_media\/oral_argument_audio\/13364"},{"id":13442,"title":"Oral Argument - January 16, 1958","public_note":null,"unavailable":null,"display_title":null,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_media\/oral_argument_audio\/13442"}],"citation":{"volume":"357","page":"449","year":"1958","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_citation\/case_citation\/24448"},"decisions":[{"description":null,"votes":[{"member":{"ID":15097,"name":"John M. Harlan II","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/john_m_harlan2","view_count":0,"last_name":"Harlan","roles":[{"id":2741,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-465933600,"date_end":54450000,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2741"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32728,"mime":"image\/png","size":53784,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/john_m_harlan2\/john_m_harlan2.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":6023,"identifier":"john_m_harlan2"},"vote":"majority","opinion_type":"majority","joining":null,"seniority":7,"ideology":1.409,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/decision_vote\/decision_vote\/187418"},{"member":{"ID":15089,"name":"Hugo L. Black","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/hugo_l_black","view_count":0,"last_name":"Black","roles":[{"id":2733,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-1021489200,"date_end":53931600,"appointing_president":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","role_title":"Associate Justice","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2733"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32719,"mime":"image\/png","size":51667,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/hugo_l_black\/hugo_l_black.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":12447,"identifier":"hugo_l_black"},"vote":"majority","opinion_type":"none","joining":null,"seniority":2,"ideology":-2.231,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/decision_vote\/decision_vote\/187419"},{"member":{"ID":15107,"name":"William O. Douglas","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/william_o_douglas","view_count":0,"last_name":"Douglas","roles":[{"id":2751,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-969127200,"date_end":185004000,"appointing_president":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2751"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32781,"mime":"image\/png","size":56651,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/william_o_douglas\/william_o_douglas.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":13358,"identifier":"william_o_douglas"},"vote":"majority","opinion_type":"none","joining":null,"seniority":4,"ideology":-5.024,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/decision_vote\/decision_vote\/187420"},{"member":{"ID":15140,"name":"William J. Brennan, Jr.","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/william_j_brennan_jr","view_count":0,"last_name":"Brennan","roles":[{"id":2786,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-416862000,"date_end":648450000,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2786"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32778,"mime":"image\/png","size":56873,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/william_j_brennan_jr\/william_j_brennan_jr.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":12330,"identifier":"william_j_brennan_jr"},"vote":"majority","opinion_type":"none","joining":null,"seniority":8,"ideology":-0.769,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/decision_vote\/decision_vote\/187421"},{"member":{"ID":15099,"name":"Earl Warren","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/earl_warren","view_count":0,"last_name":"Warren","roles":[{"id":2743,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-512503200,"date_end":-16570800,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Chief Justice of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2743"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32704,"mime":"image\/png","size":50444,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/earl_warren\/earl_warren.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":5740,"identifier":"earl_warren"},"vote":"majority","opinion_type":"none","joining":null,"seniority":1,"ideology":-1.58,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/decision_vote\/decision_vote\/187422"},{"member":{"ID":15083,"name":"Tom C. Clark","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/tom_c_clark","view_count":0,"last_name":"Clark","roles":[{"id":2727,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-642366000,"date_end":-80679600,"appointing_president":"Harry S. Truman","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2727"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32771,"mime":"image\/png","size":50879,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/tom_c_clark\/tom_c_clark.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":6501,"identifier":"tom_c_clark"},"vote":"majority","opinion_type":"none","joining":null,"seniority":6,"ideology":0.654,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/decision_vote\/decision_vote\/187423"},{"member":{"ID":15050,"name":"Felix Frankfurter","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/felix_frankfurter","view_count":0,"last_name":"Frankfurter","roles":[{"id":2694,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-975780000,"date_end":-231793200,"appointing_president":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2694"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32706,"mime":"image\/png","size":45083,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/felix_frankfurter\/felix_frankfurter.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":8611,"identifier":"felix_frankfurter"},"vote":"majority","opinion_type":"none","joining":null,"seniority":3,"ideology":1.056,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/decision_vote\/decision_vote\/187424"},{"member":{"ID":15082,"name":"Charles E. Whittaker","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/charles_e_whittaker","view_count":0,"last_name":"Whittaker","roles":[{"id":2726,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-403034400,"date_end":-244749600,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2726"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32700,"mime":"image\/png","size":50854,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/charles_e_whittaker\/charles_e_whittaker.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":1832,"identifier":"charles_e_whittaker"},"vote":"majority","opinion_type":"none","joining":null,"seniority":9,"ideology":1.105,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/decision_vote\/decision_vote\/187425"},{"member":{"ID":15127,"name":"Harold Burton","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/harold_burton","view_count":0,"last_name":"Burton","roles":[{"id":2772,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-765309600,"date_end":-354049200,"appointing_president":"Harry S. Truman","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2772"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32711,"mime":"image\/png","size":34138,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/harold_burton\/harold_burton.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":4760,"identifier":"harold_burton"},"vote":"majority","opinion_type":"none","joining":null,"seniority":5,"ideology":1.139,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/decision_vote\/decision_vote\/187426"}],"majority_vote":9,"minority_vote":0,"winning_party":"National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","decision_type":"majority opinion","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_decision\/case_decision\/14351"}],"first_party_label":"Petitioner","second_party_label":"Respondent","heard_by":[{"ID":15306,"name":"Warren Court (1957-1958)","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/courts\/warren6","view_count":0,"members":[{"ID":15099,"name":"Earl Warren","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/earl_warren","view_count":0,"last_name":"Warren","roles":[{"id":2743,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-512503200,"date_end":-16570800,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Chief Justice of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2743"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32704,"mime":"image\/png","size":50444,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/earl_warren\/earl_warren.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":5740,"identifier":"earl_warren"},{"ID":15089,"name":"Hugo L. Black","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/hugo_l_black","view_count":0,"last_name":"Black","roles":[{"id":2733,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-1021489200,"date_end":53931600,"appointing_president":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","role_title":"Associate Justice","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2733"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32719,"mime":"image\/png","size":51667,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/hugo_l_black\/hugo_l_black.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":12447,"identifier":"hugo_l_black"},{"ID":15050,"name":"Felix Frankfurter","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/felix_frankfurter","view_count":0,"last_name":"Frankfurter","roles":[{"id":2694,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-975780000,"date_end":-231793200,"appointing_president":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2694"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32706,"mime":"image\/png","size":45083,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/felix_frankfurter\/felix_frankfurter.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":8611,"identifier":"felix_frankfurter"},{"ID":15107,"name":"William O. Douglas","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/william_o_douglas","view_count":0,"last_name":"Douglas","roles":[{"id":2751,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-969127200,"date_end":185004000,"appointing_president":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2751"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32781,"mime":"image\/png","size":56651,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/william_o_douglas\/william_o_douglas.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":13358,"identifier":"william_o_douglas"},{"ID":15127,"name":"Harold Burton","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/harold_burton","view_count":0,"last_name":"Burton","roles":[{"id":2772,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-765309600,"date_end":-354049200,"appointing_president":"Harry S. Truman","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2772"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32711,"mime":"image\/png","size":34138,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/harold_burton\/harold_burton.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":4760,"identifier":"harold_burton"},{"ID":15083,"name":"Tom C. Clark","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/tom_c_clark","view_count":0,"last_name":"Clark","roles":[{"id":2727,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-642366000,"date_end":-80679600,"appointing_president":"Harry S. Truman","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2727"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32771,"mime":"image\/png","size":50879,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/tom_c_clark\/tom_c_clark.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":6501,"identifier":"tom_c_clark"},{"ID":15097,"name":"John M. Harlan II","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/john_m_harlan2","view_count":0,"last_name":"Harlan","roles":[{"id":2741,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-465933600,"date_end":54450000,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2741"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32728,"mime":"image\/png","size":53784,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/john_m_harlan2\/john_m_harlan2.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":6023,"identifier":"john_m_harlan2"},{"ID":15140,"name":"William J. Brennan, Jr.","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/william_j_brennan_jr","view_count":0,"last_name":"Brennan","roles":[{"id":2786,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-416862000,"date_end":648450000,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2786"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32778,"mime":"image\/png","size":56873,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/william_j_brennan_jr\/william_j_brennan_jr.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":12330,"identifier":"william_j_brennan_jr"},{"ID":15082,"name":"Charles E. Whittaker","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/charles_e_whittaker","view_count":0,"last_name":"Whittaker","roles":[{"id":2726,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-403034400,"date_end":-244749600,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2726"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32700,"mime":"image\/png","size":50854,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/charles_e_whittaker\/charles_e_whittaker.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":1832,"identifier":"charles_e_whittaker"}],"court_start":-403034400,"images":[{"id":12268,"mime":"image\/jpeg","size":26881,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/courts\/warren6.jpg"}],"identifier":"warren6"}],"decided_by":{"ID":15306,"name":"Warren Court (1957-1958)","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/courts\/warren6","view_count":0,"members":[{"ID":15099,"name":"Earl Warren","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/earl_warren","view_count":0,"last_name":"Warren","roles":[{"id":2743,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-512503200,"date_end":-16570800,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Chief Justice of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2743"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32704,"mime":"image\/png","size":50444,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/earl_warren\/earl_warren.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":5740,"identifier":"earl_warren"},{"ID":15089,"name":"Hugo L. Black","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/hugo_l_black","view_count":0,"last_name":"Black","roles":[{"id":2733,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-1021489200,"date_end":53931600,"appointing_president":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","role_title":"Associate Justice","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2733"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32719,"mime":"image\/png","size":51667,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/hugo_l_black\/hugo_l_black.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":12447,"identifier":"hugo_l_black"},{"ID":15050,"name":"Felix Frankfurter","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/felix_frankfurter","view_count":0,"last_name":"Frankfurter","roles":[{"id":2694,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-975780000,"date_end":-231793200,"appointing_president":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2694"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32706,"mime":"image\/png","size":45083,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/felix_frankfurter\/felix_frankfurter.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":8611,"identifier":"felix_frankfurter"},{"ID":15107,"name":"William O. Douglas","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/william_o_douglas","view_count":0,"last_name":"Douglas","roles":[{"id":2751,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-969127200,"date_end":185004000,"appointing_president":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2751"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32781,"mime":"image\/png","size":56651,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/william_o_douglas\/william_o_douglas.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":13358,"identifier":"william_o_douglas"},{"ID":15127,"name":"Harold Burton","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/harold_burton","view_count":0,"last_name":"Burton","roles":[{"id":2772,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-765309600,"date_end":-354049200,"appointing_president":"Harry S. Truman","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2772"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32711,"mime":"image\/png","size":34138,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/harold_burton\/harold_burton.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":4760,"identifier":"harold_burton"},{"ID":15083,"name":"Tom C. Clark","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/tom_c_clark","view_count":0,"last_name":"Clark","roles":[{"id":2727,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-642366000,"date_end":-80679600,"appointing_president":"Harry S. Truman","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2727"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32771,"mime":"image\/png","size":50879,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/tom_c_clark\/tom_c_clark.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":6501,"identifier":"tom_c_clark"},{"ID":15097,"name":"John M. Harlan II","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/john_m_harlan2","view_count":0,"last_name":"Harlan","roles":[{"id":2741,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-465933600,"date_end":54450000,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2741"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32728,"mime":"image\/png","size":53784,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/john_m_harlan2\/john_m_harlan2.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":6023,"identifier":"john_m_harlan2"},{"ID":15140,"name":"William J. Brennan, Jr.","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/william_j_brennan_jr","view_count":0,"last_name":"Brennan","roles":[{"id":2786,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-416862000,"date_end":648450000,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2786"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32778,"mime":"image\/png","size":56873,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/william_j_brennan_jr\/william_j_brennan_jr.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":12330,"identifier":"william_j_brennan_jr"},{"ID":15082,"name":"Charles E. Whittaker","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/charles_e_whittaker","view_count":0,"last_name":"Whittaker","roles":[{"id":2726,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-403034400,"date_end":-244749600,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. Eisenhower","role_title":"Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States","institution_name":"Supreme Court of the United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/preson_role\/scotus_justice\/2726"}],"thumbnail":{"id":32700,"mime":"image\/png","size":50854,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/people\/charles_e_whittaker\/charles_e_whittaker.thumb.png"},"length_of_service":1832,"identifier":"charles_e_whittaker"}],"court_start":-403034400,"images":[{"id":12268,"mime":"image\/jpeg","size":26881,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/courts\/warren6.jpg"}],"identifier":"warren6"},"term":"1957","location":{"latitude":32.377654,"longitude":-86.301885,"name":"Alabama State Capitol","street":"600 Dexter AvenueMontgomery AL 36104","city":"Montgomery","province":"AL","postal_code":"36104","province_name":"Alabama"},"opinion_announcement":null,"description":"A case in which the Court ruled that Alabama\u0027s requirement for the NAACP to divulge the names and addresses of all of its members and agents in the state violated the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.","written_opinion":[{"id":15095,"title":"Syllabus","author":null,"type":{"value":"syllabus","label":"Syllabus"},"justia_opinion_id":1942048,"justia_opinion_url":"https:\/\/supreme.justia.com\/cases\/federal\/us\/357\/449\/","judge_full_name":null,"judge_last_name":null,"title_overwrite":null,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_document\/written_opinion\/15095"},{"id":15096,"title":"View Case","author":null,"type":{"value":"case","label":null},"justia_opinion_id":1942049,"justia_opinion_url":"https:\/\/supreme.justia.com\/cases\/federal\/us\/357\/449\/","judge_full_name":null,"judge_last_name":null,"title_overwrite":null,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_document\/written_opinion\/15096"}],"related_cases":null,"justia_url":"https:\/\/supreme.justia.com\/cases\/federal\/us\/357\/449\/","argument2_url":null}