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The provisions in question required those who buy milk elsewhere and bring it into the region to pay the farmers who supply that region a \u201ccompensatory payment.\u201d The petitioners were milk processing plant operators in Pennsylvania who challenged the validity of the \u201ccompensatory payment\u201d provisions by arguing that they failed notice requirements and conflicted with other provisions of the Act that required uniform prices. The district court held these provisions to be invalid, but the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit reversed and upheld the validity of the provisions as authorized by the Act.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EWere the \u201ccompensatory payment\u201d provisions that the Secretary of Agriculture enacted valid under the Agricultural Market Agreement Act of 1937?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EThe compensatory payment provisions were invalid as inconsistent with Congress\u2019 intent in enacting the Agricultural Market Agreement Act of 1937. Justice John M. Harlan, II delivered the opinion of the 6-1 majority. The Court held the Secretary of Agriculture exceeded his authority by creating the \u201ccompensatory payment\u201d provisions of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1937. 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