{"ID":61251,"name":"Curtis Publishing Company v. Butts","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1966\/37","view_count":0,"docket_number":"37","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Curtis Publishing Company","second_party":"Wallace Butts","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[-90093600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/50221"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[-80679600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/50222"}],"lower_court":{"ID":10,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/10"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EIn \u003Cem\u003ENew York Times Co. v. Sullivan\u003C\/em\u003E (1964) the Court held that public officials in libel cases must show that a statement was made \u0022with knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not.\u0022 These two cases concern libel as it pertains to public figures who are not public officials. \u003Cem\u003ECurtis Publishing Co. v. Butts\u003C\/em\u003E concerns an article published in the March 23, 1963 edition of \u003Cem\u003EThe Saturday Evening Post\u003C\/em\u003E alleging that former University of Georgia football coach Wallace Butts conspired with University of Alabama coach Paul \u0022Bear\u0022 Bryant to fix a 1962 football game in Alabama\u0027s favor. The article\u0027s source was George Burnett, an Atlanta insurance salesman who had allegedly overheard a telephone conversation between the coaches. Butts brought and won a libel suit against Curtis Publishing, owner of the periodical. Soon after the Court\u0027s ruling in \u003Cem\u003ENew York Times\u003C\/em\u003E, Curtis moved for a new trial. The trial judge rejected the argument because Butts was not a public official. On appeal, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the trial judge\u0027s decision on the basis that Curtis had waived any constitutional challenges by not raising such questions at trial. \u003Cem\u003EAssociated Press v. Walker\u003C\/em\u003E concerns dispatch reports of rioting that occurred on the campus of the University of Mississippi on September 30, 1962. The dispatches, authored by a correspondent on the scene, reported that Edwin A. Walker, a private citizen and political activist, had personally led a violent crowd attempting to prevent federal marshals from enforcing the court-ordered enrollment of an African-American. Walker denied the report, and filed a libel suit in the state courts of Texas. A jury found in Walker\u0027s favor, but the judge in the case refused to award punitive damages, finding that there was no malicious intent. The judge also specifically noted that \u003Cem\u003ENew York Times\u003C\/em\u003E was inapplicable. On appeal, the Texas Court of Civil Appeals agreed. The Supreme Court of Texas declined to hear the case.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EIn light of the Court\u0027s ruling in \u003Cem\u003ENew York Times Co. v. Sullivan\u003C\/em\u003E, were the allegations made against Butts and Walker libelous?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EIn a 5-4 decision authored by Justice John M. Harlan, the Court noted significant differences between the circumstances of these cases and those of \u003Cem\u003ENew York Times\u003C\/em\u003E. In particular, criticism of Butts or Walker, unlike a government official, could not be conflated with criticism of public policy. Thus, the Court reasoned that public figures who are not public officials may recover damages for libel stemming from false reports based on \u0022highly unreasonable conduct constituting an extreme departure from the standards of investigation and reporting ordinarily adhered to by responsible publishers.\u0022 The Court concluded that Curtis\u0027 investigation of its allegations against Butts failed to meet this standard. The company printed a questionably reliable source\u0027s allegations without any attempt to verify his claims, and the story in question was not a pressing event or immediately newsworthy. The Court thus affirmed the lower courts\u0027 denial of a retrial. The situation in \u003Cem\u003EButts\u003C\/em\u003E contrasted with \u003Cem\u003EWalker\u003C\/em\u003E, where the AP relied on a correspondent on the scene of an event that was immediately newsworthy. The Court thus denied Walker\u0027s claims to damages.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":null,"oral_argument_audio":[{"id":15143,"title":"Oral Argument - February 23, 1967","public_note":null,"unavailable":null,"display_title":null,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_media\/oral_argument_audio\/15143"}],"citation":{"volume":"388","page":"130","year":"1967","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_citation\/case_citation\/26033"},"decisions":[{"description":"Public figures asserting a defamation claim must show that a statement was made \u0022with knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard for whether it was false or not,\u0022 the same standard to which public officials are held under New York Times v. Sullivan.","votes":[{"member":{"ID":15099,"name":"Earl Warren","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/earl_warren","view_count":0,"last_name":"Warren","roles":[{"id":2743,"type":"scotus_justice","date_start":-512503200,"date_end":-16570800,"appointing_president":"Dwight D. 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