{"ID":61451,"name":"Watts v. Seward School Board","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1967\/325","view_count":0,"docket_number":"325","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"James A. Watts, et al.","second_party":"Seward School Board, et al.","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[-55792800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/50511"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[-49834800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/50512"},{"event":"Granted","dates":[-70398000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/53321"}],"lower_court":{"ID":23,"name":"Alaska Supreme Court","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/23"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EJames A. Watts, a schoolteacher in Alaska, held private conversations with other teachers to obtain their support to remove the superintendent from his position. His further language included words to the effect of \u2018we are unable to get rid of the superintendent, so let\u2019s get rid of the school board.\u2019 The Seward School Board considered Watts\u0027 conduct to be \u201cimmoral,\u201d defined as \u201cconduct of the person tending to bring the individual concerned or the teaching profession into public disgrace or disrespect\u201d under the relevant Alaska statute, so Watts was dismissed from his teaching job.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWatts\u0027 dismissal was upheld in both the Alaska Superior Court and the Alaska Supreme Court. The Alaska Supreme Court held that Watts\u0027 conduct \u201chad a tendency to bring the teaching profession into public disgrace or disrespect.\u201d Watts then filed a petition for a writ of certiorari and argued that his dismissal violated his First Amendment right because the school board was attempting to limit his freedom of political speech. He also argued a violation of his Fourteenth Amendment right because he should have the same equal protection for expression as any other private individual. After Watts filed his petition, Alaska amended the relevant state statute to reflect the rights of teachers to comment and criticize school administrators just as any private individual would have the right to do. Under the amended statute, Watts would not have been dismissed from his job.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EShould this case be vacated and remanded for further consideration in light of a change to the Alaska statute used in this case?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. In a per curiam decision, the eight-justice majority held that the change in Alaska\u2019s statute was directly relevant to this case. Therefore, it was necessary that the case be reversed and remanded to the Supreme Court of Alaska for further consideration.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile Justice William O. Douglas and Justice Hugo L. Black concurred with the reverse and remand decision in this case, they said they would have reversed the decision outright for reasons Justice Douglas stated in his concurring opinion in \u003Cem\u003EPickering v. Board of Education of Township High School District\u003C\/em\u003E. In that case, a teacher was dismissed from his job for sending a letter to a local newspaper criticizing financial decisions of the board and the superintendent of his school. In his opinion, Justice Douglas highlighted that it is not reason enough to limit free speech because words are \u201cmalicious\u201d or have a \u201creckless disregard for the truth.\u201d\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice White dissented without writing a separate opinion.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":25585,"name":"George Kaufmann","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/george_kaufmann","view_count":0,"last_name":"Kaufmann","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"george_kaufmann"},"advocate_description":"for the petitioner","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/21447"},{"advocate":{"ID":25505,"name":"George N. 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