{"ID":61520,"name":"Sibron v. New York","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1967\/63","view_count":0,"docket_number":"63","additional_docket_numbers":["74"],"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Appeal","first_party":"Sibron","second_party":"New York","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[-64951200,-64864800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/50623"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[-49230000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/50624"}],"lower_court":null,"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EAfter following Nelson Sibron for several hours, and observing him talking with several narcotics addicts, NYC police officer Anthony Martinez stopped Sibron and questioned him. When Martinez said: \u0022You know what I am after,\u0022 Sibron began reaching into his pocket. Simultaneously, Martinez thrust his hand into Sibron\u0027s pocket and pulled out several heroin envelopes. Following his arrest for drug trafficking, Sibron sought to suppress the heroin evidence as the product of an unconstitutional stop-and-frisk search. When the Criminal Court of New York City denied his motion, Sibron appealed but suffered adverse rulings in the New York State appellate courts. On appeal, the US Supreme Court granted certiorari and heard Sibron\u0027s case together with a related case, Peters v. New York. John Peters appealed his arrest and conviction for intent to commit burglary after a stop-and-frisk search of his person revealed burglary tools.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDo the broad search powers conferred on New York State police officers under the State\u0027s \u0022stop-and-frisk\u0022 law violate the Fourth Amendment\u0027s search and seizure protections?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EIn an 8-to-1 decision, the Court began by noting that although states may grant police officers great latitude in making arrests, all search and seizures are subject to constitutional limitations. In Sibron\u0027s case, the Court noted that officer Martinez never actually heard any of the conversations between Sibron and the narcotics addicts. As such, the inference that Sibron engaged in narcotics trafficking merely because he spoke with drug addicts did not constitute probably cause for a warrantless search. Moreover, Martinez\u0027s actions could not be justified as a self-protective search for weapons since he admitted that he had no reason to suspect Sibron of concealment. With respect to Peters, the Court upheld his conviction since it flowed from a lawful stop-and-frisk search. The arresting officer observed Peters prowling furtively in a building hallway and had to chase him down before capture. Such suspicious conduct justified the ensuing stop-and-frisk search of Peter\u0027s person that, in turn, revealed the incriminating burglar tools.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":null,"oral_argument_audio":[{"id":14957,"title":"Oral Argument - December 11, 1967","public_note":null,"unavailable":null,"display_title":null,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_media\/oral_argument_audio\/14957"},{"id":15567,"title":"Oral Argument - December 12, 1967","public_note":null,"unavailable":null,"display_title":null,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_media\/oral_argument_audio\/15567"},{"id":23712,"title":"Oral Argument - December 11, 1967","public_note":null,"unavailable":null,"display_title":null,"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_media\/oral_argument_audio\/23712"}],"citation":{"volume":"392","page":"40","year":"1968","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_citation\/case_citation\/26302"},"decisions":[{"description":null,"votes":[{"member":{"ID":15097,"name":"John M. 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