{"ID":61726,"name":"Kaufman v. United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1968\/53","view_count":0,"docket_number":"53","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Harold Kaufman ","second_party":"United States","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[-35229600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/50935"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[-24429600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/50936"},{"event":"Granted","dates":[-55274400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/53660"}],"lower_court":{"ID":13,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/13"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EDuring his trial for armed robbery of a federally insured savings and loan association, Harold Kaufman admitted to the crime but unsuccessfully claimed insanity.  He was convicted and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed.  Kaufman then filed a post-conviction motion in district court challenging the evidence that proved his sanity.  He alleged that the evidence was unlawfully seized in violation of the Fourth Amendment.  The district court denied relief, holding that unlawful search and seizure was not an available attack in post-conviction proceedings.  The Eighth Circuit affirmed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003ECan a federal prisoner challenge unlawfully-seized evidence in a post-conviction proceeding?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes.  Justice William J. Brennan, writing for a 5-3 majority, reversed and remanded.  The Supreme Court held that Kaufman could challenge unlawfully seized evidence in a post-conviction proceeding.  There was no need to show special circumstances.  The fact that Kaufman admitted to the crime was irrelevant because he claimed an affirmative defense.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Hugo L. Black dissented, arguing that prisoners can only challenge evidence post-conviction in special circumstances.  The prisoner should have to cast some shadow of doubt on his guilt.  Justice John M. Harlan wrote a separate dissent, writing that Kaufman did not show special circumstances, so should not be allowed to challenge the evidence post conviction.   Justice Potter Stewart joined in the dissent.  Justice Thurgood Marshall did not participate.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":17762,"name":"Bruce R. 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