{"ID":50844,"name":"Neil v. Biggers","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1972\/71-586","view_count":0,"docket_number":"71-586","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"William S. Neil, Warden of the Tennessee State Penitentiary ","second_party":"Archie Nathaniel Biggers","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[88232400,88318800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/31045"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[92469600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/31046"},{"event":"Granted","dates":[68104800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/53802"}],"lower_court":{"ID":11,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/11"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EA Tennessee state court convicted Archie Biggers in the rape of Margaret Beamer.  The only major evidence against him was Ms. Beamer\u2019s identification several weeks after the incident at a police station \u201cshow up\u201d.  The \u201cshow up\u201d was similar to a line up, but contained the suspect alone.  The police officer also had the suspect say phrases Ms. Beamer heard her attacker say on the night of the rape.  Ms. Beamer said she had \u201cno doubt\u201d that Biggers was her attacker.  The Tennessee Supreme Court upheld the conviction.  The U.S. Supreme Court affirmed by an equally divided court.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBiggers then filed a writ of habeas corpus, which the district court granted, holding that the Supreme Court affirming by an equally divided court did not bar the writ.  The court also held that the \u201cshow up\u201d procedure was so suggestive that it violated due process.  The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit affirmed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003E(1) Does the Supreme Court\u2019s order affirming a conviction by an equally divided court bar habeas corpus proceedings?\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) Was the \u201cshow up\u201d procedure so suggestive that it violated due process?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo, No.  In a 5-3 decision Justice Lewis F. Powell wrote the majority opinion reversing in part and remanding.  The entire court joined in the first part of the opinion, holding that affirming by an equally divided court did not constitute an \u201cactual adjudication\u201d of the issue.  The habeas corpus proceeding could continue.  Only five justices joined in the second part of the opinion, holding that the \u201cshow up\u201d procedure was suggestive, but given the totality of the circumstances, there was no substantial likelihood of misidentification.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice William J. 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