{"ID":51597,"name":"Brewer v. Williams","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1976\/74-1263","view_count":0,"docket_number":"74-1263","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Lou V. Brewer, Warden of the Iowa State Penitentiary","second_party":"Robert Anthony Williams aka Anthony Erthel Williams","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[213253200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/32408"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[227944800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/32409"},{"event":"Granted","dates":[187855200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/53720"}],"lower_court":{"ID":13,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/13"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003ERobert Williams escaped from a mental hospital and lived at the Des Moines YMCA.  Soon thereafter, a 10-year-old girl disappeared from the YMCA while at her brother\u2019s wrestling match.  A boy in the parking lot saw Williams carrying a large bundle to his car with two \u201cskinny and white\u201d legs in it.  The next day, police found Williams\u2019 abandoned car about 160 miles east of Des Moines.  Williams soon turned himself in to police in Davenport, Iowa.  Williams said he would tell police the whole story once he saw his lawyer in Des Moines.  Williams spoke with a local attorney and reiterated his intention to confess when he saw his attorney in Des Moines.  Davenport police promised not to question Williams during the drive to Des Moines. During the drive, however, the detective, knowing that Williams was deeply religious, told Williams that the girl\u2019s family wanted to give her a \u201cChristian burial\u201d and suggested that they stop to locate the body.  As a result of the officer\u0027s pointed statements, Williams made incriminating statements and ultimately led police to the girl\u2019s body. He was indicted for first-degree murder.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAt trial, Williams moved to suppress all evidence relating to the car ride conversation, arguing that the questioning violated Williams\u2019 Sixth Amendment right to counsel. The judge denied the motion, and a jury found Williams guilty.  The Iowa Supreme Court affirmed the conviction.  Williams petitioned for a writ of habeas corpus in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Iowa.  The court granted the writ, finding that speaking to Williams during the drive violated his right to counsel, and the evidence in question was wrongly admitted at trial.  The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003E(1) Was Williams denied counsel in violation of the Sixth Amendment?\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) Did Williams waive his right to counsel when he led the detective to the girl\u2019s body?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes, No. In a 5-4 decision, Justice Potter Stewart wrote the majority opinion, affirming the Court of Appeals.  The Supreme Court held police denied Williams his Sixth Amendment rights because the adversary proceeding had already began.  The detective\u2019s statements eliciting incriminating statements amounted to an interrogation, entitling Williams to counsel.  The Court also held that Williams had not waived his right to counsel.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Thurgood Marshall concurred, writing that the detective who gave the \u0022Christian burial\u0022 speech knowingly set out to violate Williams\u2019 constitutional rights.  The nature of the crime was not an excuse for the detective\u2019s behavior.  Justice Lewis F. Powell also concurred, stating that the record clearly showed that Williams had not waived his rights.  Justice John Paul Stevens wrote a concurrence, expressing that the state had promised not to question Williams before he reached Des Moines, and the state could not dishonor that promise made to Williams\u2019 lawyer.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChief Justice Warren E. Burger dissented, writing that Williams validly waived his right to counsel, and even if he had not, the disclosures he made were voluntary and uncoerced.  Justice Byron R. White wrote a dissent, stating that the record showed Williams knowingly and intentionally waived his rights.  Justices Harry A. Blackmun and William H. Rehnquist joined in the dissent.  Justice Harry A. Blackmun wrote a separate dissent, stating that there was no interrogation, and he would remand the case to the Court of Appeals to determine whether the Williams made the incriminating statements voluntarily.  Justices Byron R. White and William H. Rehnquist joined in the dissent.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":40779,"name":"Richard N. Winders","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/richard_n_winders","view_count":0,"last_name":"Winders","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"richard_n_winders"},"advocate_description":"for petitioner","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/10495"},{"advocate":{"ID":40609,"name":"Richard C. 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