{"ID":51623,"name":"E. I. du Pont de Nemours \u0026 Company v. Train","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1976\/75-978","view_count":0,"docket_number":"75-978","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company et al. ","second_party":"Russell E. Train, Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency, et al.","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[218872800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/32456"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[225525600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/32457"},{"event":"Granted","dates":[198741600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/53322"}],"lower_court":{"ID":9,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/9"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EIn 1972, Congress passed the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Act), which gave the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the power to enact regulations to limit the amount of pollution that manufacturing plants could discharge. In exercising that power, the Administrator of the EPA created groups made up of similar plants and prescribed a specific pollution limitation to each of the different groups. These regulations granted existing plants some leeway for complying with the prescribed pollution limit. Petitioners, eight inorganic chemical manufacturing plants, sued the EPA in district court and alleged that it had overstepped its statutory authority by promulgating regulations organized by categories, instead of issuing specific pollution limits for each plant. Petitioners also argued that the EPA regulations for plants that had not yet been built violated the provisions of the Act because they did not allow for any variance from the prescribed limit. The district court found that the Act gave appellate courts jurisdiction to review pollution regulations and removed the case to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. The appellate court rejected petitioners\u2019 arguments regarding the categorical limits but held that the EPA must provide new plants the same variance allowances with which the existing plants were provided.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003E(1) Can the EPA issue industry-wide regulations that categorically limit the amount of pollutants that existing manufacturing plants can discharge?\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) Does the Court of Appeals have jurisdiction to review the EPA regulations that apply to existing plants?\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E(3) Can the EPA subject newly constructed manufacturing plants to exacting pollution standards that do not allow for any variance from the prescribed limit?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes, yes, yes. Justice John Paul Stevens delivered the opinion for the 8-0 majority. The Court held that the language of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act unambiguously allowed the EPA to enact regulations creating categorical limits on pollution, while allowing existing plants to vary slightly from the prescribed limit. The Court rejected the petitioners\u2019 argument that the EPA must create a limit for each individual plant via a permit system because such a system would impose a heavy burden on the EPA to be intimately familiar with the circumstances of more than 42,000 manufacturing plants. Furthermore, the Court held that the appellate court had jurisdiction to review the pollution restrictions as a whole and was not limited to reviewing only the individual variance allowed for each plant. Although the restrictions for existing plants allowed for variance from the prescribed pollution limit, the Court held that the language of the Act showed a clear congressional intention to charge the EPA with setting absolute prohibitions on pollution. Therefore, the EPA could set exacting pollution standards for newly constructed plants that did not allow for any variance.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Lewis F. Powell, Jr. took no part in the consideration of these cases.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00a0\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":38648,"name":"Robert C. Barnard","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/robert_c_barnard","view_count":0,"last_name":"Barnard","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"robert_c_barnard"},"advocate_description":"E. I. duPont de Nemours \u0026 Co. and others","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/10549"},{"advocate":{"ID":20837,"name":"Daniel M. Friedman","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/daniel_m_friedman","view_count":0,"last_name":"Friedman","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"daniel_m_friedman"},"advocate_description":"for Russell E. 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