{"ID":51546,"name":"Dothard v. Rawlinson","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1976\/76-422","view_count":0,"docket_number":"76-422","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Appeal","first_party":"E.C. Dothard, Director, Dept. of Public Safety of Alabama ","second_party":"Dianne Rawlinson et al.","timeline":[{"event":"Decided","dates":[236235600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/32324"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[230277600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/51778"},{"event":"Granted","dates":[218095200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/53751"}],"lower_court":null,"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EDianne Rawlinson applied to be a prison guard with the Alabama Department of Corrections.  The Department had a minimum height and weight requirement of 120 pounds and 5 feet 2 inches.  Rawlinson did not meet the minimum weight requirement, so the Department refused to hire her.  Rawlinson sued on behalf of herself and all similarly-situated women under Title VII, alleging sex discrimination.  While this suit was pending, the Alabama Board of Corrections adopted a rule banning women from working in \u201ccontact positions\u201d that require close physical proximity to inmates.  Rawlinson amended her complaint to challenge the new rule as well.  The U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama ruled in favor of Rawlinson.  The U.S. Supreme Court heard this case on direct appeal.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003E(1) Do the height and weight requirements violate Title VII?\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) Does the ban on women in \u201ccontact positions\u201d violate Title VII?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes, No.  In a 7-2 decision, Justice Potter Stewart wrote the majority opinion affirming in part and reversing in part.  The Supreme Court held that the height and weight requirements violated Title VII because Rawlinson showed that the requirement excluded 41% of females in the nation, and the Department was unable to show that the requirement was job-related.  The \u201ccontact position\u201d ban was a bona fide occupational qualification, however, so Title VII did not prohibit it.  The Court held that having women in these positions would create substantial security and safety problems.  Justice William H. Rehnquist wrote a concurrence, agreeing that the \u201ccontact position\u201d ban relates to a bona fide occupational qualification, but stating that the district court should have analyzed the height and weight requirement in more depth.  Justice Harry A. Blackmun joined in the concurrence.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Thurgood Marshall wrote a partial dissent, agreeing that the height and weight requirements violated Title VII, but expressing that the ban on women in \u201ccontact positions\u201d is also prohibited.  Justice William J. Brennan joined in the concurrence.  Justice Byron R. White wrote a dissent, stating that showing that the general height and weight statistics do not establish a valid case.  Rawlinson also hadn\u2019t proved she was denied employment under the \u201ccontact position\u201d rule because she didn\u2019t meet the height and weight requirement in the first place.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":25234,"name":"G. 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