{"ID":52217,"name":"Trammel v. United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1979\/78-5705","view_count":0,"docket_number":"78-5705","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Otis Trammel, Jr. ","second_party":"United States","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[310024800,310111200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/33511"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[320479200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/33512"}],"lower_court":{"ID":14,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/14"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EOtis Trammel, Jr. was indicted on federal drug charges. Before his trial, he advised the court that the Government would call his wife as a witness against him. The indictment named Mrs. Trammel as an unindicted co-conspirator and the Government granted her immunity in exchange for her testimony. Otis moved to assert a privilege against adverse spousal testimony to prevent her from testifying against him. The district court denied the motion, and allowed Mrs. Trammel to testify to any act she observed during the marriage and any communication made in the presence of a third party. Only confidential communications between Mr. and Mrs. Trammel remained privileged and inadmissible. Otis was tried and convicted. On appeal, Otis argued that the district court\u2019s ruling violated \u003Cem\u003EHawkins v. United States\u003C\/em\u003E where the U.S. Supreme Court held that one spouse may not testify against the other unless both consent. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit affirmed, holding that the \u003Cem\u003EHawkins\u003C\/em\u003E did not prevent voluntary testimony of a spouse who appears as an unindicted co-conspirator under grant of immunity.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EIs it a reversible error to permit a wife to be called as a witness against her husband over his objection and without his consent?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. Chief Justice Warren E. Burger, writing for eight members of the court, affirmed the 10th Circuit. The Supreme Court held that the rule from \u003Cem\u003EHawkins\u003C\/em\u003E was modified so that the privilege against adverse spousal testimony vested in the witness spouse alone. A witness may not be compelled to testify or foreclosed from testifying. Information disclosed privately between a husband and wife is still privileged under a separate rule protecting confidential marital communications. Justice Potter Stewart concurred in the judgment, writing that the foundations for the privilege against adverse spousal testimony disappeared long before \u003Cem\u003EHawkins\u003C\/em\u003E was ever decided.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":33458,"name":"J. Terry Wiggins","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/j_terry_wiggins","view_count":0,"last_name":"Wiggins","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"j_terry_wiggins"},"advocate_description":"on behalf of the Petitioner","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/11736"},{"advocate":{"ID":45410,"name":"Wade H. 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