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The mills were granted permits by the California State Water Resources Control Board with variances from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards for effluent discharge.  The EPA, however, denied the variances.  The mill companies sought review directly in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.    The Act allows direct appeal of EPA actions either \u201cissuing or denying any permit\u201d.  The court of appeals dismissed the review, holding that because the State granted the permits and the EPA merely objected the variances, this case did not fall under the Act.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDid the court of appeals have jurisdiction over the permit review where the State of California was in charge of granting the permit?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes.  In a per curiam opinion, the Supreme Court reversed and remanded the case to the court of appeals.  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