{"ID":52540,"name":"Enmund v. Florida","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1981\/81-5321","view_count":0,"docket_number":"81-5321","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Earl Enmund ","second_party":"Florida","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[385711200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/34096"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[394434000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/34097"},{"event":"Granted","dates":[372315600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/53629"}],"lower_court":{"ID":30,"name":"Florida Supreme Court","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/30"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EEarl Enmund and two codefendants were found guilty of the felony murder and robbery of Thomas and Eunice Kersey, an elderly couple.  Enmund was the getaway driver, who waited in the car during the robbery, did not participate in the killing and had no idea anyone would be killed.  Enmund argued that the evidence did not show any intent to kill, so the death penalty was cruel and unusual punishment.  Despite this, the jury sentenced him to death along with his codefendants.  The Supreme Court of Florida affirmed the conviction.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003E(1) Is death an unconstitutionally excessive and disproportionate penalty under the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments for one who did not take a life, attempt to take a life, nor intend to take a life?\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) Was petitioner\u0027s degree of participation in the killings given inadequate consideration by the Florida courts?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes, No.  Justice Byron R. White, writing for a 5-4 majority, reversed the lower court.  The Supreme Court held that imposing the death penalty on someone who aided and abetted but did not himself kill, attempt to kill, or intend to kill, violated the Eight and Fourteenth Amendments.  It is unlikely that the death penalty could deter someone who did not intend to kill or attempt to kill, and putting someone to death for two killings they did not commit is disproportionate retribution.  Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. concurred, writing that the death penalty is cruel and unusual in all circumstances.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Sandra Day O\u2019Connor dissented, arguing that the majority\u2019s decision is not supported by prior precedent.  The Florida Supreme Court rejected critical factual findings, so the case should be remanded for a new sentencing hearing.  Chief Justice Warren E. Burger, Justice Lewis F. Powell, and Justice William H. Rehnquist joined in the dissent.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":34677,"name":"Lawrence A. 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