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The policy provided for some exceptions including voluntary busing options and mandatory busing if so ordered by state or federal courts. The initiative blocked the implementation of Seattle\u0027s mandatory busing plan. School officials challenged the Washington government in federal court.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes the statewide initiative violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. The initiative reordered the educational decisionmaking process by moving the power over busing for purposes of integration to state control. The state explicitly employed \u0022the racial nature of a decision to determine the decisionmaking process.\u0022 This kind of state action places an unconstitutional burden on racial minorities within the governmental process.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":33815,"name":"Kenneth O. 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