{"ID":52785,"name":"Chevron U. S. A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1983\/82-1005","view_count":0,"docket_number":"82-1005","additional_docket_numbers":["82-1247","82-1591"],"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Chevron U.S.A. Inc.","second_party":"Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. et al.","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[446882400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/34554"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[456987600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/34555"},{"event":"Granted","dates":[423205200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/53559"}],"lower_court":{"ID":16,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/16"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Clean Air Act (the Act) required states that had not yet achieved national air quality standards to establish a permit program regulating new or modified major stationary sources of air pollution, such as manufacturing plants.  The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) passed a regulation under the Act that allows states to treat all pollution-emitting devices in the same industrial grouping as though they were a single \u201cbubble\u201d.  Using this bubble provision, plants may install or modify one piece of equipment without needing a permit if the alteration does not increase the total emissions of the plant.  Several environmental groups, including the Natural Resources Defense Council, challenged the bubble provision as contrary to the Act.  The U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit set aside the EPA regulation as inappropriate for a program enacted to improve air quality.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes the Clean Air Act permit the EPA  to define the term \u0022stationary source\u0022 to mean whole industrial plants only, which allows plants to build or modify units within plants without the permit required under the Act?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes.  Justice John Paul Stevens, writing for a unanimous court, reversed.  The Supreme Court held that the bubble regulation was a reasonable interpretation of the term \u201cstationary source\u201d in the Clean Air Act.  Congress did not have a specific intention for the interpretation of that term, and the EPA\u2019s regulation was a reasonable policy choice.  The regulation also provided reasonable accommodations for the many competing interests affected by the Act.  Justices Thurgood Marshall, William H. Rehnquist, and Sandra Day O\u2019Connor did not participate.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":37751,"name":"Paul M. Bator","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/paul_m_bator","view_count":0,"last_name":"Bator","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"paul_m_bator"},"advocate_description":"on behalf of petitioner","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/12906"},{"advocate":{"ID":20783,"name":"David D. 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