{"ID":52749,"name":"Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Phinpathya","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1983\/82-91","view_count":0,"docket_number":"82-91","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Immigration and Naturalization Service","second_party":"Padungsri Phinpathya","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[434005200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/34486"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[442562400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/34487"}],"lower_court":{"ID":5,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/5"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Immigration and Nationality Act grants the Attorney General the power to suspend the deportation of any otherwise deportable alien if the person has been consistently physically present in the United States for at least seven years, is of good moral character, and whose deportation would represent great hardship to the person and\/or family members.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPadrungsi Phinpathya, a citizen of Thailand, first entered the United States in 1969 as a nonimmigrant student. She and her husband, a Thai citizen who entered the country in 1968, were granted permission to stay until July 1971. When their visas expired, they chose to stay without the permission of the proper authorities. In January 1977, Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) commenced deportation processes on the couple. They applied for a suspension, which an immigration judge granted to Phinpathya\u2019s husband but denied for her because she did not meet the continuous residency requirement. Phinpathya\u2019s own testimony showed that she left the country in 1974 and improperly obtained a visa from the US consular office in Thailand for her return three months later.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Board of Immigration Appeals affirmed the judge\u2019s ruling and held that Phinpathya\u2019s illegal status when she left and returned to the US made the absence \u201cmeaningfully interruptive\u201d of her residency and made her ineligible for the suspension of deportation. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed and held that, despite her absence, Phinpathya\u2019s intent was always to return to the US.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EShould the \u201ccontinuous physical presence\u201d requirement for suspension of deportation in the Immigration and Nationality Act be interpreted literally?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. Justice Sandra Day O\u2019Connor delivered the opinion of the 9-0 court. The Supreme Court held that, in the absence of any language or legislative history indicating flexibility in the requirements, the section should be interpreted based on its plain meaning. Other immigration legislation has shown that when Congress intends there to be exceptions, the wording of the relevant statute reflects that intention. The Court also held that Congress intended the requirements to present a high threshold to suspension, and therefore the \u201ccontinuous presence\u201d requirement should not be interpreted loosely.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice William J. Brennan, Jr. wrote an opinion concurring in the judgment where he argued that Phinpathya\u2019s unexplained three-month absence from the country was enough to disqualify her from a suspension of deportation without requiring the Supreme Court to address the issue of the meaning of the \u201ccontinuous presence\u201d requirement. He argued further that Congress did not intend the requirement to be taken literally in situations that would be unreasonable, but rather it was intended to prevent abuses. Legislative and judicial history supported a more flexible reading of the requirement. Justice Thurgood Marshall and Justice John Paul Stevens joined in the opinion concurring in judgment.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":23151,"name":"Elliott Schulder","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/elliott_schulder","view_count":0,"last_name":"Schulder","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"elliott_schulder"},"advocate_description":"on behalf of the Petitioner","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/12829"},{"advocate":{"ID":17644,"name":"Bert D. 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