{"ID":52778,"name":"Hishon v. King \u0026 Spalding","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1983\/82-940","view_count":0,"docket_number":"82-940","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Elizabeth Anderson Hishon","second_party":"King \u0026 Spalding","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[436428000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/34541"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[454050000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/34542"}],"lower_court":{"ID":15,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/15"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EIn 1972 Elizabeth Anderson Hishon accepted a position with King \u0026amp; Spalding (Firm), a law firm in Atlanta, Georgia. During recruitment, Hishon had been told that after five or six years there was a possibility of promotion to partner; associates with \u201csatisfactory evaluations\u201d would be promoted to partner on a \u201cfair and equal basis.\u201d Hishon claimed to have relied on this information when making her decision to accept employment with the Firm. After six years of employment, Hishon was considered for admission to the partnership and was ultimately rejected. One year later Hishon was again considered for admission and again rejected. She was told to begin seeking new employment and was let go in December 1979.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn November 1979, Hishon sued the Firm and filed her claim with the Equal Opportunity Employment Commission. Hishon claimed that she was discriminated against on the basis of her sex and that this discrimination violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Commission issued a notice of right to sue, and Hishon sued in federal district court. The district court dismissed her claim, and Hishon appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, which affirmed that ruling.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDid King \u0026amp; Spalding violate Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and unfairly discriminate against Hishon on the basis of her sex by denying her admission to the partnership?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. Chief Justice Warren E. Burger delivered the opinion for the unanimous Court. The Court held that Title VII makes it illegal for an employer to discriminate against any employee on the basis of their sex. In this case, the Court held that the promise of equal consideration for partnership that went along with Hishon\u2019s employment was contractual in nature and subject to the regulations of Title VII. By preventing Hishon from obtaining partnership because of her sex, the Firm discriminated against her and breached the \u201cterms, conditions or privileges of employment,\u201d and therefore the Firm acted in direct violation of Title VII.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Lewis F. Powell Jr. wrote a concurring opinion noting that the Court\u2019s opinion should be careful to not go to far in interfering with a firm\u2019s ability to make partner decisions.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00a0\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":21951,"name":"Emmet J. Bondurant, II","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/emmet_j_bondurant_ii","view_count":0,"last_name":"Bondurant,","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"emmet_j_bondurant_ii"},"advocate_description":"on behalf of the Petitioner","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/12889"},{"advocate":{"ID":37751,"name":"Paul M. 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