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The store required its managers to work one of every four Sundays, although rank-and-file employees were exempt under their union contract from Sunday work. In 1979, the company refused to allow Thornton to take off Sundays but offered him a transfer to another store, an hour away in Massachusetts, that was closed on Sundays. When he turned that down, the company said it would demote him from his manager\u0027s job and cut his hourly pay from $6.46 to $3.50. Thornton had worked Sundays for nearly eight months before he became aware the store was violating Connecticut law giving employees an absolute right not to work on their chosen Sabbath. He filed a grievance against Caldor with the state board of mediation. The board ruled in his favor. The state supreme court reversed. Thornton\u0027s estate (Thornton died in 1982) petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court for certiorari.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes the Connecticut statute violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. In an opinion authored by Chief Justice Warren E. Burger, the Court held 8-to-1 that the Connecticut Sabbath observance statute was void, saying its \u0022unyielding weighing in favor of Sabbath observers over all other interests\u0022 results in an unconstitutional mingling of church and state. 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