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Despite Marsh\u2019s objections, she and Williams were tried jointly. The prosecution entered Williams\u2019 confession into evidence, although the confession was redacted to prevent any mention of anyone other than Williams and Martin being involved in the crime. In his closing argument, the prosecution admonished the jury not to use Williams\u2019 confession against Marsh but linked her testimony to events in the confession. The judge also instructed the jury not to use the confession against Marsh. Marsh was convicted, the Michigan Court of Appeals affirmed, and the Michigan Supreme Court denied the appeal.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMarsh filed a writ of habeas corpus and argued that the introduction of the confession violated her rights under the Confrontation Clause. The district court denied the petition. The United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit reversed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EIn a joint trial, does the confession of one defendant without that defendant taking the stand violate the Confrontation Clause?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. Justice Antonin Scalia delivered the opinion of the 6-3 majority. The Court held that not only did the jury receive instructions not to consider the confession in assessing Marsh\u2019s guilt, but also the confession was redacted so that there was no incriminating evidence regarding Marsh\u2019s actions. Without the implication that the evidence in the confession was incriminating, Marsh\u2019s Confrontation Clause rights were not violated. The Court also held that joint trials, while not necessarily in either defendant\u2019s best interests from the perspective of the Confrontation Clause, are a necessary part of the justice system.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice John Paul Stevens wrote a dissent and argued that the Confrontation Clause regulates the introduction of any evidence from which the jury could infer the defendant\u2019s guilt. Given the presentation of the confession in this case, the jury could only infer that Williams\u2019 confession also enumerated Marsh\u2019s guilt. He also argued that the legal system\u2019s interest in joint trials from an efficiency standpoint should not outweigh the defendant\u2019s right to a fair trial. Justices William J. Brennan, Jr. and Thurgood Marshall joined in the dissent.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":42452,"name":"Timothy A. 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