{"ID":53365,"name":"United States v. Dunn","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1986\/85-998","view_count":0,"docket_number":"85-998","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"United States","second_party":"Ronald Dale Dunn","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[538120800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/35646"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[541749600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/35647"},{"event":"Granted","dates":[519886800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/53655"}],"lower_court":{"ID":10,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/10"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EUsing electronic beepers and aerial photography, police tracked certain drug making supplies to Ronald Dale Dunn\u2019s ranch.  The ranch had a fence surrounding the perimeter as well as several interior fences.  Law enforcement officers entered the property without a warrant and crossed several fences to get near Dunn\u2019s barn.  The barn was about 60 yards away from Dunn\u2019s house and a fence separated the two buildings.  Police smelled phenylacetic acid and heard a motor running in the barn.  Police approached the barn but did not enter.  The officers did shine a flashlight through netting above the door and observed what looked like a drug laboratory.  The officers made several similar visits, not entering, but looking into the barn, before obtaining a warrant to search the barn and Dunn\u2019s house.  During this search, police seized chemicals and equipment use for making drugs.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAt trial, Dunn unsuccessfully moved to suppress evidence obtained during the search.  A jury convicted him on federal drug charges.  The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit reversed, holding that the barn was \u201cwithin the curtilage\u201d of Dunn\u2019s house, so the police officers\u2019 warrantless visits to the barn violated the Fourth Amendment.  The U.S. Supreme Court vacated the court of appeals judgment and remanded in light of \u003Ci\u003EOliver v. United States\u003C\/i\u003E.  This time, the court of appeals found that the warrantless searches of the barn violated Dunn\u2019s reasonable expectation of privacy.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EIs a search warrant needed to peer into the open side of a barn that is located in a field on private property?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo.  Justice Byron R. White, writing for a 7-2 majority, reversed the court of appeals.  The Supreme Court held that the barn and the area around it lay outside the protected area of curtilage around Dunn\u2019s house.  The barn was separated from the house by a fence and was a substantial distance away from the house, the officers had other data that lead them to suspect Dunn, and Dunn did little to protect the barn from observation.  Even if Dunn did have a reasonable expectation of privacy, the search still did not violate the Fourth Amendment because the officers never entered the barn.  Justice Antonin Scalia concurred, writing that the officers perception of the way Dunn used the barn was not as important as the way the barn actually was used.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice William J. Brennan, Jr. dissented, arguing that the barn was within the area of protected curtilage, and the officers violated Dunn\u2019s reasonable expectation of privacy because the barn was an essential part of Dunn\u2019s business.  Justice Thurgood Marshall joined in the dissent.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":39134,"name":"Roy T. 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