{"ID":53620,"name":"Harte-Hanks Communications, Inc. v. Connaughton","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1988\/88-10","view_count":0,"docket_number":"88-10","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Harte-Hanks Communications, Inc.","second_party":"Daniel Connaughton","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[606376800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/36131"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[614494800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/36132"}],"lower_court":{"ID":11,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/11"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EDaniel Connaughton ran against the incumbent for the office of Municipal Judge of Hamilton, Ohio, in an election set for November 8, 1983. About a month before the election, the incumbent\u2019s Director of Court Services resigned and was arrested on bribery charges. On November 1, 1983, the Journal News, a local newspaper owned by Harte-Hanks Communications, published a front-page story about the grand jury investigation. The story quoted a grand jury witness who accused Connaughton of using \u201cdirty tricks\u201d and offering her bribes in exchange for her assistance with the investigation. The Journal News also endorsed the incumbent Municipal Judge.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EConnaughton sued Harte-Hanks Communications and alleged that the article was false, that it damaged his professional reputation, and that it was published maliciously. The district court ruled in favor of Connaughton, and that United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit affirmed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDaniel Connaughton ran against the incumbent for the office of Municipal Judge of Hamilton, Ohio, in an election set for November 8, 1983. About a month before the election, the incumbent\u2019s Director of Court Services resigned and was arrested on bribery charges. On November 1, 1983, the Journal News, a local newspaper owned by Harte-Hanks Communications, published a front-page story about the grand jury investigation. The story quoted a grand jury witness who accused Connaughton of using \u201cdirty tricks\u201d and offering her bribes in exchange for her assistance with the investigation. The Journal News also endorsed the incumbent Municipal Judge.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EConnaughton sued Harte-Hanks Communications and alleged that the article was false, that it damaged his professional reputation, and that it was published maliciously. The district court ruled in favor of Connaughton, and that United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit affirmed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00a0\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDid the newspaper\u2019s reporting of the scandal exhibit \u201cactual malice\u201d?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. Justice John Paul Stevens delivered the opinion of the 9-0 majority. The Court held that a public figure plaintiff in a libel case must prove that the libelous statement was false or made without any regard for its truth. The fact that the newspaper failed to interview one of the main witnesses to the supposed bribery strongly indicated a disregard for the truth of the story. Although there were many reasons to doubt the truth of the accusations against Connaughton, the newspaper failed to properly investigate, so the act of publishing the story constituted actual malice.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn his concurring opinion, Justice Byron R. White wrote that the Court did not overstep its bounds by looking at the facts of the case in order to determine whether or not the newspaper exhibited actual malice.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Harry A. Blackmun wrote a concurring opinion where he argued that the Court might have looked at the facts of the case differently if the petitioner had not abandoned the defense that Harte-Hanks believed the report to be true. He also wrote that the failure of the majority opinion to mention the actual content of the article in question does not mean that the Court did not consider it relevant.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Anthony M. Kennedy concurred with the majority\u2019s decision because he did not feel it inconsistent with the analysis Justice Antonin Scalia provided in his concurrence.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Antonin Scalia wrote an opinion concurring in judgment where he argued that the majority\u2019s opinion unnecessarily focuses its analysis on what the trial court jury found in favor of the plaintiff, rather than exercising its own independent judgment.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00a0\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":31484,"name":"John A. 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