{"ID":53778,"name":"Maryland v. Buie","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1989\/88-1369","view_count":0,"docket_number":"88-1369","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Maryland","second_party":"Jerome Edward Buie","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[628754400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/36439"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[636184800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/36440"},{"event":"Granted","dates":[613026000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/53582"}],"lower_court":{"ID":41,"name":"Maryland Court of Appeals","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/41"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EOn February 3, 1986, two men robbed a Godfather\u2019s Pizza in Prince George\u2019s County, Maryland. One of the men was wearing a red running suit. Later that day, the police obtained warrants for the arrest of Jerome Edward Buie and Lloyd Allen and put Buie\u2019s house under surveillance. On February 5, the police arrested Buie in his house. Police found him hiding in the basement. Once Buie emerged and was handcuffed, an officer went down to determine if there was anyone else hiding. While in the basement, the officer saw a red running suit in plain view and seized it as evidence.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe trial court denied Buie\u2019s motion to suppress the running suit evidence, and he was convicted. The Court of Special Appeals of Maryland affirmed the trial court\u2019s denial of the motion. The Court of Appeals of Maryland reversed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes the Fourth Amendment prevent police officers from making a \u201cprotective sweep\u201d at the site of an in-home arrest if they do not believe themselves or others to be in immediate danger?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. Justice Byron R. White delivered the opinion of the 7-2 majority. The Court held that the potential risk to police officers of another person on the arrest site must be weighed against the invasion of privacy. Because the arrest in this case happened in the suspect\u2019s home, the officer was put at even greater risk because of the possibility of an ambush. This risk justified the protective sweep. The Court also held that a protective sweep was meant to be a cursory one, and not an in-depth search of the premises that would require a specific warrant. \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn his concurring opinion, Justice John Paul Stevens wrote that the state has the burden to prove that the search was protective in nature. He argued that the state must show that the officers had a \u201creasonable basis\u201d for believing that there was a risk to themselves.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn his concurring opinion, Justice Anthony M. Kennedy wrote that he disagreed with Justice John Paul Stevens. He argued that the protective sweep was an element of police safety procedure, so the state did not have as high of a burden as Justice Stevens\u2019 concurrence implied.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice William J. Brennan, Jr. wrote a dissent where he argued that the protective sweep represented the type of intrusive unwarranted search that the Fourth Amendment was created to prevent. He also argued that the majority opinion\u2019s limits as to the scope and timeliness of the protective search are not enough to prevent the police from abusing such an unwarranted search. Justice Thurgood Marshall joined the dissent.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":31261,"name":"John L. Kopolow","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/john_l_kopolow","view_count":0,"last_name":"Kopolow","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"john_l_kopolow"},"advocate_description":"on behalf of the Respondent","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/15134"},{"advocate":{"ID":35022,"name":"Lawrence S. 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