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Jimmy Swaggart Ministries, incorporated in Louisiana, sold religious materials to California residents through several direct and mail-order \u0022evangelistic crusades.\u0022 After auditing his ministry, the California Board of Equalization (\u0022Board\u0022) told Swaggart that under California law he had to register his ministry as a seller so the Board could collect the appropriate sales and use taxes. After paying the taxes, Swaggart petitioned the Board for a refund. When his petition was rejected, Swaggart challenged the Board in state court. Following two unfavorable rulings below, the U.S. Supreme Court granted Swaggart\u0027s petition for certiorari.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDid California\u0027s imposition of a sales and use tax on the sale of religious materials violate the Free Exercise or Establishment Clauses of the First Amendment?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. Basing its unanimous decision on the fact that California\u0027s sales and use tax was not a flat tax, affected only a small portion of retail sales, and was neutrally applied, the Court found the taxes constitutional. Moreover, since the taxes were not imposed as a precondition to spreading any given message and were due regardless of registration, the Court rejected Swaggart\u0027s claim that California\u0027s no-fee registration requirement acted as a prior restraint on his religious organization. Finally, the Court held that any administrative burdens associated with the payment of taxes did not give rise to an establishment conflict since they did not cause excessive entanglement between the government and Swaggart\u0027s organization.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":36378,"name":"Michael W. McConnell","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/michael_w_mcconnell","view_count":0,"last_name":"McConnell","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"michael_w_mcconnell"},"advocate_description":"Argued the cause for the appellant","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/14910"},{"advocate":{"ID":40077,"name":"Richard E. 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