{"ID":53698,"name":"Florida v. Wells","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1989\/88-1835","view_count":0,"docket_number":"88-1835","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Florida","second_party":"Martin Leslie Wells","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[628754400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/36284"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[640414800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/36285"}],"lower_court":{"ID":30,"name":"Florida Supreme Court","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/30"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EOn February 11, 1985, a Florida Highway Patrol officer stopped Martin Wells for speeding and smelled alcohol on his breath. Wells was arrested for driving under the influence and taken to the police station for a breathalyzer test. While in custody, police told Wells that his car would be impounded, and he granted permission to the officer to open the trunk. An inventory search of the car at the impoundment revealed two marijuana cigarette butts and a locked suitcase in the trunk. Under the direction of a trooper, impoundment employees opened the suitcase and found a garbage bag of marijuana.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWells was charged with possession of a controlled substance. He moved to suppress the marijuana evidence by arguing that it was seized in violation of the Fourth Amendment. The trial court denied the motion. Wells pleaded nolo contendere but reserved the right to appeal on the motion to suppress. The Florida District Court of Appeal for the Fifth District reversed the ruling on the motion to suppress, and the Florida Supreme Court affirmed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00a0\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes the Fourth Amendment allow the police to open closed containers during an inventory search where the suspect gave permission to open the truck where the container was found?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. Justice William H. Rehnquist delivered the opinion for five members of the court. The Supreme Court held that there must be a policy in place that determines whether inventory searches include opening closed containers or not. Such a policy allows the situation to be regulated. Absent such a policy, as in this case, the search is not regulated sufficiently to be permissible under the Fourth Amendment. The Fourth Amendment does allow police officers to use discretion in determining whether a container can be opened based on the nature of the search.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice William J. Brennan, Jr. wrote an opinion concurring in the judgment where he argued that there must be a standard inventory search policy in place that limits police discretion to prevent the abuse of a suspect\u2019s Fourth Amendment rights. Justice Thurgood Marshall joined in the opinion. In his separate opinion concurring in the judgment, Justice Harry A. Blackmun argued that the majority opinion went beyond the bounds of the case by allowing individual police discretion to determine whether to open a sealed container in an inventory search. Justice John Paul Stevens also wrote an opinion concurring in the judgment where he argued that the majority opinion represented blatant judicial activism by granting certiorari to a case that the Florida Supreme Court adequately handled. 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