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Gottshall\u0027s boss postponed seeking medical assistance during Johns\u0027 heart attack, insisted that the crew keep working, and left the body at the work site for the remainder of the work day. Shortly after Johns\u0027s death, Gottshall was admitted to a psychiatric institution. Gottshall sued Conrail under the Federal Employers\u0027 Liability Act (FELA) for exposing him to distressing circumstances which he claimed caused his illness. A District Court rejected the suit.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit reversed and found that Gottshall\u0027s injuries were \u0022genuine and severe.\u0022 The Third Circuit contrasted the liberal injury recovery policy embodied in FELA over the more limited injury relief recovery policy embodied in common law standards, which often applied harsh tests to prove employee injury.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EConrail employee Alan Carlisle also filed a FELA action against Conrail. He claimed that Conrail subjected him to unsafe working conditions, which caused him stress and lead to health problems. Because the stress related health problems were foreseeable to Conrail, the Third Circuit affirmed the judgment for Carlisle.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EUnder the Federal Employers\u0027 Liability Act (FELA), does \u0022emotional stress\u0022 resulting from employer \u0022negligence\u0022 constitute an \u0022injury\u0022 for which an employee can hold his employer liable?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. Justice Clarence Thomas authored the opinion for a 7-2 Court. The Court categorized FELA emotional stress claims closely with common law treatments of emotional stress claims. The Court rejected the Third Circuit\u0027s assertion that common law tests were arbitrary and could be disregarded. Instead, common law standards should be used to verify claims filed under FELA. The Court adopted the \u0022zone of danger test\u0022 from common law, which limits relief to those employees who sustain physical injury resulting from emotional stress caused by employer negligence. The Court held that this test would best distinguish between genuine and fraudulent claims, and provide relief in the case of injury. The Court rejected the Third Circuit\u0027s holding that employers were liable for causing foreseeably stressful conditions, reasoning that this would extend to many types of everyday employment.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":45597,"name":"William L. Myers, Jr.","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/william_l_myers_jr","view_count":0,"last_name":"Myers,","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"william_l_myers_jr"},"advocate_description":"on behalf of the Respondent Gottshall","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/16064"},{"advocate":{"ID":30241,"name":"J. 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