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The GME Amendment, section 9202(a), of the Medicare and Medicaid Budget Reconciliation Amendments of 1985 directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services to determine, for a hospital\u0027s cost reporting period starting during fiscal year 1984, the amount \u0022recognized as reasonable\u0022 for GME costs. The Amendment then directs the Secretary to use the 1984 amount, adjusted for inflation, to calculate a hospital\u0027s GME reimbursement for subsequent years. The Secretary\u0027s \u0022reaudit\u0022 regulation permits a second audit of the 1984 GME costs to ensure accurate reimbursements in future years. A reaudit of Regions Hospital significantly lowered the Hospital\u0027s allowable 1984 GME costs. Subsequently, the Hospital challenged the validity of the reaudit rule. Ultimately, the District Court granted the Secretary summary judgment, concluding that the rule reasonably interpreted Congress\u0027 prescription and that the reauditing did not impose an impermissible \u0022retroactive rule.\u0022 The Court of Appeals affirmed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EIs the Secretary of Health and Human Services\u0027 \u0022reaudit\u0022 rule a reasonable interpretation of the GME Amendment of the Medicare and Medicaid Budget Reconciliation Amendments of 1985?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. In a 6-3 opinion delivered by Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, the Court held that the reaudit rule is a reasonable interpretation of the GME Amendment and that it is not impermissibly retroactive. Given that the timing of the \u0022recognized as reasonable\u0022 determination is silent and thus ambiguous, the Court concluded that, because it reflects a reasonable interpretation of the law, the reaudit rule merits the Court\u0027s approbation. \u0022The Secretary\u0027s reaudit rule brings the base-year calculation in line with Congress\u0027 pervasive instruction for reasonable cost reimbursement,\u0022 wrote Justice Ginsburg. Justice Antonin Scalia wrote a dissenting opinion, in which Justices Sandra Day O\u0027Connor and Clarence Thomas joined.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":34185,"name":"Lisa S. 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