{"ID":54820,"name":"Portuondo v. Agard","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1999\/98-1170","view_count":0,"docket_number":"98-1170","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Portuondo","second_party":"Agard","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[941436000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/38388"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[952322400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/38389"}],"lower_court":{"ID":7,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/7"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003ERay Agard was tried in New York on sodomy, assault, and weapons counts. Ultimately, Agard\u0027s trial turned on whether the jury believed the testimony of the victim and her friend or the conflicting testimony of Agard. The prosecutor challenged Agard\u0027s credibility. During summation, the prosecutor remarked, \u0022[h]e gets to sit here and listen to the testimony of all the other witnesses before he testifies,\u0022 and \u0022[t]hat gives [him] a big advantage, doesn\u0027t it?\u0022 The prosecutor alleged that Agard had tailored his testimony to fit evidence that he heard from witnesses through the course of the trial. The trial court rejected Agard\u0027s objection that these comments violated his right to be present at trial. After exhausting his state appeals, Agard petitioned for federal habeas corpus, claiming that the prosecutor\u0027s comments violated his Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights to be present at trial and confront his accusers, and his Fourteenth Amendment right to due process. The District Court denied his petition. The Court of Appeals reversed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes a prosecutor\u0027s summation comment calling to the jury\u0027s attention the fact that the defendant had opportunity to hear all the other witnesses before testifying and tailor his testimony violate the accused\u0027s rights under the Fifth, Sixth, and Fourteenth Amendments?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. In a 7-2 opinion delivered by Justice Antonin Scalia, the Court held that the prosecutor\u0027s comments did not violate Agard\u0027s Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights and that the prosecutor\u0027s comments also did not violate Agard\u0027s right to due process. \u0022Allowing comment upon the fact that a defendant\u0027s presence in the courtroom provides him a unique opportunity to tailor his testimony is appropriate and...sometimes essential to the central function of the trial, which is to discover the truth,\u0022 Justice Scalia wrote for the Court. Dissenting, Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, joined by Justice David H. 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