{"ID":54774,"name":"Fischer v. United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1999\/99-116","view_count":0,"docket_number":"99-116","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Fischer","second_party":"United States","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[951199200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/38303"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[958366800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/38304"}],"lower_court":{"ID":15,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/15"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EJeffrey Fischer, while president and part owner of Quality Medical Consultants, Inc. (QMC), arranged for QMC to receive a $1.2 million loan from West Volusia Hospital Authority (WVHA), a municipal agency that operates two hospitals, which participate in and receive funding from the federal Medicare program. To get the loan, Fischer pledged QMC\u0027s accounts receivables and offered a $1 million letter of credit. After a 1994 audit of WHVA raised questions about the QMC loan, Fischer was indicted for federal bribery, including defrauding an organization which \u0022receives, in any one year period, benefits in excess of $10,000 under a Federal program.\u0022 A jury convicted him and the District Court sentenced him to imprisonment, imposed a term of supervised release, and ordered the payment of restitution. On appeal, Fischer argued that the Government failed to prove WHVA, as the organization affected by his wrongdoing, received \u0022benefits in excess of $10,000 under a Federal program,\u0022 as required by the federal bribery statute. In rejecting that argument and affirming the convictions, the Court of Appeals held that funds received by an organization constitute \u0022benefits\u0022 within the statute\u0027s meaning if the source of the funds is a federal program, like Medicare, which provides aid or assistance to participating organizations.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDo Medicare funds received by health care providers constitute \u0022benefits\u0022 within the meaning of the federal bribery statute prohibiting fraud and other offenses against organizations receiving federal benefits?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. In a 7-2 opinion delivered by Justice Anthony M. Kennedy, the Court held that \u0022Health care providers such as the one defrauded by [Fischer] receive \u0027benefits\u0027 within the meaning of [the federal bribery statute].\u0022 Thus, the Medicare funds hospitals receive for treating Medicare patients subject people who bribe hospital officials to federal prosecution. \u0022The government has a legitimate and significant interest in prohibiting financial fraud or acts of bribery being perpetrated upon Medicare providers,\u0022 Justice Kennedy wrote for the court. \u0022Fraudulent acts threaten the program\u0027s integrity. They raise the risk participating organizations will lack the resources...to provide the level and quality of care envisioned by the program.\u0022 Justice Clarence Thomas, in a dissenting opinion joined by Justice Antonin Scalia, argued that \u0022[t]he only persons who receive \u0027benefits\u0027 under Medicare are the individual elderly and disabled Medicare patients, not the medical providers who serve them.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":34185,"name":"Lisa S. Blatt","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/lisa_s_blatt","view_count":0,"last_name":"Blatt","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"lisa_s_blatt"},"advocate_description":"Department of Justice, argued the cause for the respondent","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/17442"},{"advocate":{"ID":35981,"name":"Mark L. 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