{"ID":54850,"name":"Dickerson v. United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/1999\/99-5525","view_count":0,"docket_number":"99-5525","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Dickerson","second_party":"United States","timeline":[{"event":"Argued","dates":[956120400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/38444"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[961995600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/38445"}],"lower_court":{"ID":9,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/9"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EDuring questioning about a robbery he was connected to, Charles Dickerson made statements to authorities admitting that he was the getaway driver in a series of bank robberies. Dickerson was then placed under arrest. The timing of his statement is disputed. The FBI and local detectives testified that Dickerson was advised of his Miranda rights, established in \u003Cem\u003EMiranda v. Arizona\u003C\/em\u003E, and waived them before he made his statement. Dickerson said he was not read his Miranda warnings until after he gave his statement. After his indictment for bank robbery, Dickerson filed a motion to suppress the statement that he made on the ground that he had not received Miranda warnings before being interrogated. The government argued that even if the Miranda warnings were not read, the statement was voluntary and therefore admissible under 18 USC Section 3501, which provides that \u0022a confession shall be admissible in evidence if it is voluntarily given.\u0022 The District Court granted Dickerson\u0027s motion, finding that he had not been read his Miranda rights or signed a waiver until after he made his statement, but the court did not address section 3501. In reversing, the Court of Appeals acknowledged that Dickerson had not received Miranda warnings, but held that section 3501 was satisfied because his statement was voluntary. The court held that \u0022Congress enacted section 3501 with the express purpose of legislatively overruling Miranda and restoring voluntariness as the test for admitting confessions in federal court.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EMay Congress legislatively overrule Miranda v. Arizona and its warnings that govern the admissibility of statements made during custodial interrogation?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. In a 7-2 opinion delivered by Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, the Court held that Miranda governs the admissibility of statements made during custodial interrogation in both state and federal courts. \u0022Miranda has become embedded in routine police practice to the point where the warnings have become part of our national culture,\u0022 wrote Rehnquist. \u0022Miranda announced a constitutional rule that Congress may not supersede legislatively. We decline to overrule Miranda ourselves,\u0022 concluded the Chief Justice. Dissenting, Justice Antonin Scalia, joined by Justice Clarence Thomas, blasted the Court\u0027s ruling, writing that the majority opinion gave needless protection to \u0022foolish (but not compelled) confessions.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":37783,"name":"Paul G. 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