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Louisiana, which held that a jury instruction is unconstitutional if there is a reasonable likelihood that the jury understood it to allow conviction without proof beyond a reasonable doubt. Tyler claimed that that a jury instruction in his trial was similar to the one ruled unconstitutional in Cage. Ultimately, Tyler filed a second federal habeas petition pursuant to the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA). The District Court denied relief. In affirming, the Court of Appeals stated the District Court had failed to determine whether Tyler had satisfied the AEDPA\u0027s successive habeas standard, which requires a district court to dismiss a claim in a second or successive application unless the applicant \u0022shows\u0022 that the \u0022claim relies on a new rule of constitutional law, made retroactive to cases on collateral review by the Supreme Court, that was previously unavailable.\u0022 The court concluded that Tyler did not meet this standard because he \u0022could not show that any Supreme Court decision renders the Cage decision retroactively applicable to cases on collateral review.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EWas the ruled established under Cage v. Louisiana, that a jury instruction is unconstitutional if there is a reasonable likelihood that the jury understood the instruction to allow conviction without proof beyond a reasonable doubt, \u0022made retroactive to cases on collateral review by the Supreme Court,\u0022 such that an inmate is entitled to submit successive a habeas petition based on that new rule?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. In a 5-4 opinion by Justice Clarence Thomas, the Court held that the Cage rule was not \u0022made retroactive to cases on collateral review by the Supreme Court.\u0022 Justice Thomas wrote for the Court that \u0022[b]ecause \u0027made\u0027 means \u0027held\u0027...it is clear that the Cage rule has not been \u0027made retroactive to cases on collateral review by the Supreme Court.\u0027 Cage itself does not hold that it is retroactive. 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