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After Castro engaged in union-organizing activities, Hoffman laid him off. The National Labor Relations Board (Board) found that the layoff violated the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) and ordered backpay for Castro. At a compliance hearing, Castor testified before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) that he was born in Mexico, that he had never been legally admitted to, or authorized to work in, this country, and that he gained employment with Hoffman only after tendering a birth certificate that was not his. The ALJ found that Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA), which makes it unlawful for employers knowingly to hire undocumented workers or for employees to use fraudulent documents to establish employment eligibility, precluded Castro\u0027s award. In reversing, the Board noted that the most effective way to further the immigration policies embodied in IRCA is to provide the NLRA\u0027s protections and remedies to undocumented workers in the same manner as to other employees. The Court of Appeals enforced the Board\u0027s order.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes the National Labor Relations Board have the discretion to award backpay to an undocumented alien employee who was not legally authorized to work in the United States?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. In a 5-4 opinion delivered by Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, the Court held that such relief is foreclosed by federal immigration policy, as expressed by Congress in the IRCA. 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