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Only one of the three staff members gave written consent. The other two members voluntarily participated. When the medical staff won, Withrow appealed and the Court of Appeals sua sponte remanded the case to determine whether the parties had consented to proceed before the magistrate judge. Ultimately, the magistrate judge reported that she had lacked jurisdiction because such consent had to be expressly given. The District Court adopted the report and recommendation. In affirming, the Court of Appeals found that consent must be express and that the staffs\u0027 postjudgment consent was inadequate.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003ECan consent, under the Federal Magistrate Act of 1979, be inferred from a party\u0027s conduct during litigation?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. In a 5-4 opinion delivered by Justice David H. Souter, the Court held that consent to a magistrate judge\u0027s designation can be inferred from a party\u0027s conduct during litigation. 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