{"ID":55139,"name":"Locke v. Davey","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2003\/02-1315","view_count":0,"docket_number":"02-1315","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Gary Locke, Governor of Washington, et al.","second_party":"Joshua Davey","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1053320400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/52590"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1070344800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/52591"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1077688800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39008"}],"lower_court":{"ID":5,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/5"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Washington State Promise Scholarship, created by the state legislature in 1999, gives college scholarship money to talented students. However, this money cannot be used to obtain a degree in theology if the program is taught to cause belief. Washington\u0027s constitution prohibits funding religious instruction. The 1969 state code applied this ban to college financial aid.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJoshua Davey forfeited his Promise Scholarship money in order to major in pastoral ministries at a private Christian college. Davey filed suit in U.S. district court, claiming the state constitution\u0027s ban on funding religious instruction violated his First Amendment right to free exercise of religion (in the U.S. Constitution). The district court rejected Davey\u0027s claim. The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals reversed, concluding Davey\u0027s free exercise rights were violated.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EIf a state provides college scholarships for secular instruction, does the First Amendment\u0027s free exercise clause require a state to fund religious instruction?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. In a 7-2 opinion delivered by Chief Justice William Rehnquist, the Court ruled that a state does not violate the First Amendment\u0027s free exercise clause when it funds secular college majors but excludes devotional theology majors. The Court rejected Davey\u0027s argument that the state scholarship program is unconstitutional because it is not neutral toward religion. \u0022The State has merely chosen not to fund a distinct category of instruction,\u0022 the Court wrote. Similarly the Washington Constitution - which explicitly prohibits state money from going to religious instruction - does not violate the free exercise clause. Unlike laws and programs the Court has struck down under the free exercise clause, nothing in either the scholarship program or the state constitution \u0022suggests animus towards religion.\u0022 States have a \u0022historic and substantial interest\u0022 in excluding religious activity from public funding.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":37248,"name":"Narda Pierce","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/narda_pierce","view_count":0,"last_name":"Pierce","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"narda_pierce"},"advocate_description":"argued the cause for Petitioners","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/18542"},{"advocate":{"ID":33043,"name":"Jay Alan Sekulow","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/jay_alan_sekulow","view_count":0,"last_name":"Sekulow","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"jay_alan_sekulow"},"advocate_description":"argued the cause for Respondent","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/18543"},{"advocate":{"ID":43165,"name":"Theodore B. 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