{"ID":55373,"name":"United States v. Olson","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2005\/04-759","view_count":0,"docket_number":"04-759","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"United States","second_party":"Joseph Olson et al.","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1110175200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39646"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1129093200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39647"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1131429600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39648"}],"lower_court":{"ID":5,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/5"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EInjured workers sued the United States under the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), alleging that federal mine inspectors\u0027 negligence helped cause a mine accident. The FTCA authorized private tort actions against the U.S. when the federal government, if a private person in similar circumstances, would be liable according to the law of the place where the incident occurred. The district court dismissed the suit, holding that the allegations failed to show Arizona law would have imposed liability on a private person in like circumstances. The Ninth Circuit reversed, holding federal mine inspections were a governmental function with no private analogue. In such cases, the Ninth Circuit held, the FTCA waived sovereign immunity if a state or municipal entity would be held liable under the law where the activity occurred.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDid the Federal Tort Claims Act waive the United States\u0027 sovereign immunity in cases where local law would make a state or municipal entity liable?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. In a unanimous opinion delivered by Justice Stephen Breyer, the Court held that the United States waived sovereign immunity only where local law would make a \u0022private person\u0022 liable in tort, not where local law would make a \u0022state or municipal entity\u0022 liable. Nothing in the FTCA\u0027s \u0022context, history, or objectives\u0022 supported the Ninth Circuit\u0027s holding that the act waived sovereign immunity where the United States, if a state or municipal entity, would be liable. 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