{"ID":55418,"name":"Gonzales v. Duenas-Alvarez","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2006\/05-1629","view_count":0,"docket_number":"05-1629","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Alberto R. Gonzales, Attorney General","second_party":"Luis Alexander Duenas-Alvarez","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1159246800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39766"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1165298400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39767"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1169013600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39768"}],"lower_court":{"ID":5,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/5"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003ELuis Duenas-Alvarez, a Peruvian citizen living in California, was convicted of unlawful driving or taking of a vehicle. The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) allows for the deportation of aliens who are convicted of an aggravated felony, which includes \u0022theft offenses.\u0022 The Department of Homeland Security began deportation proceedings against Duenas-Alvarez. An immigration judge ruled in favor of the government and ordered Duenas-Alvarez deported to Peru, and the Board of Immigration Appeals affirmed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, Duenas-Alvarez argued that he was not guilty of a theft offense for purposes of the INA because he had only aided and abetted the theft of the car. The California anti-theft law did not distinguish between auto-theft and merely aiding an auto-theft, but the Ninth Circuit had ruled that the INA \u0022theft offense\u0022 includes only the person who actually stole and took possession of the car, and not necessarily anyone who aided in the theft. Accordingly, the Circuit Court ruled in favor of Duenas-Alvarez and reversed the lower courts.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes the \u0022theft offense\u0022 aggravated felony in the Immigration and Nationality Act include aiding and abetting a theft?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. The Court ruled unanimously that aiding and abetting a theft qualifies as a \u0022theft offense\u0022 for purposes of the Immigration and Nationality Act. The opinion by Justice Stephen Breyer held that the common law had done away with all distinctions between \u0022principals\u0022 and \u0022aiders and abettors\u0022 of theft crimes. Duenas-Alvarez argued that California\u0027s theft law was unique in that it included offenses beyond the \u0022generic theft\u0022 contemplated by the Immigration and Nationality Act. 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