{"ID":55411,"name":"Weyerhaeuser Co. v. Ross-Simmons Hardwood Lumber Co., Inc.","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2006\/05-381","view_count":0,"docket_number":"05-381","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Weyerhaeuser Company","second_party":"Ross-Simmons Hardwood Lumber Company, Inc.","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1151298000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39746"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1164693600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39747"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1171951200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39748"}],"lower_court":{"ID":5,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/5"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003ERoss-Simmons Hardwood Lumber Co. (Ross-Simmons) sued Weyerhaeuser, a competing sawmill, for \u0022predatory buying\u0022 in violation of Section 2 of the Sherman Act. Specifically, Weyerhaeuser was accused of buying more raw materials than it needed at unnecessarily high prices. Ross-Simmons alleged that Weyerhaeuser\u0027s business practices were aimed at monopolizing the market for purchasing unprocessed sawlogs and forcing its competitors out of business. At the jury trial, jurors were instructed to rule against Weyerhaeuser if Ross-Simmons could prove that Weyerhaeuser bought more sawlogs \u0022than it needed\u0022 and paid more \u0022than necessary\u0022 for them. Weyerhaeuser objected, arguing that the more stringent guidelines in the case of \u003Cem\u003EBrooke Group v. Williamson Tobacco Corp.\u003C\/em\u003E required a ruling in its favor. In \u003Cem\u003EBrooke Group\u003C\/em\u003E, the Court held that in order for a company to be liable for \u0022predatory pricing,\u0022 a company must be shown to have been operating at a loss, and to have a \u0022dangerous probability\u0022 of recouping its losses.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe District Court rejected Weyerhaeuser\u0027s motion, ruling that \u003Cem\u003EBrooke Group\u003C\/em\u003E applies only to predatory pricing, where a company prices its products too low in order force competitors out of the market, and not to predatory buying. Under the less stringent guidelines, the jury found Weyerhaeuser to be in violation of the Sherman Act, and awarded Ross-Simmons $78.8 million in damages. On appeal, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the District Court, ruling that the higher standard of liability for predatory pricing compared to predatory buying is appropriate, because business practices that resemble predatory pricing may result in benefits such as efficiency incentives and lower prices for consumers.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes a plaintiff alleging predatory buying in violation of the Sherman Act need to establish that the defendant paid so much for raw materials that it operated at a loss and the defendant had a \u0022dangerous probability\u0022 of recouping its losses?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. The Court unanimously reversed the Ninth Circuit decision and ruled that the \u003Cem\u003EBrooke Group\u003C\/em\u003E standard applies to predatory bidding as well as predatory pricing. The opinion by Justice Clarence Thomas noted the economic similarity between the monopoly conditions created by predatory pricing and the monopsony or \u0022buyer\u0027s monopoly\u0022 conditions created by predatory bidding. The Court held that the \u0022theoretical and practical similarities of predatory pricing and predatory bidding convince us that our two-pronged \u003Cem\u003EBrooke Group\u003C\/em\u003E test should apply to predatory-bidding claims.\u0022 Since Ross-Simmons had not met the Court\u0027s test, the jury\u0027s verdict against Weyerhaeuser was invalid.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":16723,"name":"Andrew J. 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