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During the penalty phase of the trial, the prosecutor gave a closing statement arguing for a death sentence. In the course of the statement, the prosecutor said: \u0022You\u0027ve got to think beyond William Weaver [...] This is society\u0027s worst nightmare\u0022 and \u0022Sometimes killing is not only fair and justified; it\u0027s right. Sometimes it\u0027s your duty [...] it\u0027s right to kill him [Weaver] now.\u0022 The jury sentenced Weaver to death. Weaver appealed in state court, arguing that the prosecutor\u0027s statements had inflamed and prejudiced the jury.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Missouri state courts denied the appeal, but a federal District Court granted habeas corpus. The District Court overturned the sentence, ruling that the \u0022unfairly inflammatory\u0022 closing statement had violated Weaver\u0027s right to due process. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed. On appeal to the Supreme Court, the state cited the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA), which states that federal courts shall not grant a prisoner\u0027s habeas petition unless the state court\u0027s decision was \u0022contrary to [...] clearly established Federal law, as determined by the Supreme Court of the United States.\u0022 The Eighth Circuit had cited some Supreme Court cases pertaining to prejudicial closing statements in the guilt phase of the trial, but the state argued that the federal courts should not have granted habeas relief, because the Supreme Court had not specifically addressed the issue of closing statements in the penalty phase.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes a federal Court of Appeals exceed its authority under the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 by overturning a death sentence on the ground that the prosecutor\u0027s penalty phase closing argument was \u0022unfairly inflammatory\u0022?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EUnanswered. By a 6-3 vote, the Court dismissed the case as improvidently granted, citing elements of the case\u0027s \u0022unusual procedural history.\u0022 Weaver had filed a habeas petition before AEDPA went into effect, but the district court had ruled that he must abandon his habeas petition if he wanted to petition the Supreme Court for certiorari. The Court made it clear in 2007 that the district court\u0027s decision had been incorrect (see \u003Cem\u003ELawrence v. Florida\u003C\/em\u003E ). After the Court denied his petition for certiorari, Weaver refiled the habeas petition - but by then AEDPA was in effect, with its stricter requirements for habeas petitions. Rather than risk allowing Weaver\u0027s fate to hinge on the district court\u0027s mistake, the majority decided to dismiss the case. The dissenters argued that these considerations should not prevent the Court from correcting the Eighth Circuit\u0027s mistreatment of AEDPA. Justice Scalia suggested in dissent that other Circuit Courts should \u0022do unto the Eighth Circuit\u00eds decision just what it did unto AEDPA: ignore it.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":16973,"name":"Andrea K. Spillars","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/andrea_k_spillars","view_count":0,"last_name":"Spillars","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"andrea_k_spillars"},"advocate_description":"on behalf of the Petitioner","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/19335"},{"advocate":{"ID":29334,"name":"John H. 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