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Burr","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2006\/06-84","view_count":0,"docket_number":"06-84","additional_docket_numbers":["06-100"],"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Safeco Insurance Company of America et al.","second_party":"Charles Burr et al.","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1159246800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39789"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1168927200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39790"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1180933200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/39791"}],"lower_court":{"ID":5,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/5"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EIn No. 06-100, Edo, a consumer, sued GEICO General Insurance Company, alleging that GEICO had violated the requirement in the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) that insurance companies give consumers notice before raising rates. Edo sought statutory and punitive damages, which the FCRA awards only when a company \u0022willfully\u0022 violates the law. Similarly, in 06-84, several consumers sued Safeco for failing to notify them that better credit ratings would have entitled them to better premiums. It was GEICO\u0027s policy to notify new applicants only if their credit ratings were worse than a certain \u0022neutral\u0022 (average) value, while Safeco as a matter of policy did not give \u0022adverse action\u0022 notices to any new applicants. GEICO argued that it was unaware that the FCRA applied to the setting of premiums for new applicants such as Edo, and thus could not be considered to have acted willfully. The District Court ruled for GEICO and Safeco, holding that their actions did not qualify as willful.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn appeal, the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed, holding that that the concept of willfulness includes \u0022reckless disregard\u0022 for the law as well as actual knowledge that the conduct was illegal. The ruling put the Ninth Circuit in conflict with most other circuit courts, but the court argued that its interpretation was more consistent with Supreme Court precedent and the purpose of the FCRA.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EIs a company guilty of a \u0022willful\u0022 violation of the Fair Credit Reporting Act if it shows \u0022reckless disregard\u0022 for the law, even if the company has no actual knowledge that the conduct violates the Act?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. In a unanimous decision written by Justice David Souter, the Court ruled that insurance companies can be liable for willful violations of the Fair Credit Reporting Act if they show \u0022reckless disregard\u0022 for the law. The justices held that the meaning of the term \u0022willful\u0022 is contextually determined. Under the common law reckless violations are considered willful violations, and the term is given its common meaning unless Congress intended to change it. The Court called the evidence of such an intent \u0022shaky,\u0022 and it pointed to another section of the statute which indicated that Congress was treating \u0022knowing\u0022 and \u0022reckless\u0022 violations as subcategories of \u0022willful\u0022 violations. Though GEICO and Safeco lost on the issue of the meaning of \u0022willful,\u0022 the Court held that neither company had acted with reckless disregard. GEICO\u0027s policy - giving adverse action notices to new applicants only where they were likely to make a difference - was a correct interpretation of the statute. Though Safeco was in violation, its error was neither reckless nor willful.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":42140,"name":"Scott A. Shorr","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/scott_a_shorr","view_count":0,"last_name":"Shorr","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"scott_a_shorr"},"advocate_description":"Attorney for Respondent, Attorney for Respondents","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/19411"},{"advocate":{"ID":36325,"name":"Maureen E. 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