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Munaf\u0027s sister petitioned on his behalf for habeas corpus in the U.S. District Court in the District of Columbia. Soon after the petition was filed, Munaf was informed that he would be tried in an Iraqi court and transferred to Iraqi custody if convicted. Munaf filed a temporary restraining order attempting to block custody transfer.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter the Iraqi court sentenced him to death and the district court dismissed his case for lack of jurisdiction, Munaf appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit which granted an injunction against the transfer. However, the D.C. Circuit, like the district court, eventually concluded that it did not have jurisdiction over Munaf\u0027s claim, basing its decision largely on the Court\u0027s ruling in \u003Cem\u003EHirota v. MacArthur\u003C\/em\u003E 338 U.S. 197 (1948). That decision prohibited Japanese citizens held abroad by U.S. troops from filing habeas petitions to challenge sentences handed down by a military tribunal sitting in Japan but including U.S. military personnel. Petitioner urges the Court to set aside Hirota and its ruling and to base its reasoning on a string of cases reaching the opposite result. The case will be consolidated and heard along with another D.C. case, Geren v. Omar, 07-394, in which the D.C. Circuit allowed a habeas petition by a U.S. citizen held in Iraq because he had not yet been charged or convicted by an Iraqi court.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDo U.S. courts have jurisdiction to hear habeas corpus petitions brought on behalf of U.S. citizens detained overseas by American military authorities working as part of a multinational force?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes they do. Chief Justice John G. Roberts, writing for a unanimous Court, held that the habeas corpus statute extends to American citizens held overseas by American forces operating subject to an American chain of command even if part of a larger multinational force. The Court pointed specifically to the statute\u0027s application to individuals held in custody \u0022under color of the authority of the United States\u0022 to hold that actual Government custody is sufficient for jurisdiction in federal courts.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":31712,"name":"Joseph Margulies","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/joseph_margulies","view_count":0,"last_name":"Margulies","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"joseph_margulies"},"advocate_description":"on behalf of Munaf, et al. and Omar, et al.","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/19511"},{"advocate":{"ID":25346,"name":"Gregory G. 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