{"ID":55536,"name":"FCC v. Fox Television Stations, Inc.","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2008\/07-582","view_count":0,"docket_number":"07-582","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"No. 07-582\t Title: \t Federal Communications Commission, et al.","second_party":"Fox Television Stations, Inc., et al.","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1205730000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40093"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1225778400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40094"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1240894800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40095"}],"lower_court":{"ID":7,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/7"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EIn 2002 and 2003, Fox Television Stations broadcast the Billboard Music Awards, an annual program honoring top-selling musicians. During the broadcasts, one musician used an explicative in his acceptance speech, and a presenter used two expletives. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC), although it had previously taken the position that such fleeting and isolated expletives did not violate its indecency regime, issued notices of liability to Fox for broadcasting the profane language. The FCC argued that previous decisions referring to \u0022fleeting\u0022 expletives were merely staff letters and dicta and did not accurately represent its position on the matter. Fox appealed the FCC sanctions to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Second Circuit held that the FCC\u0027s liability order was \u0022arbitrary and capricious\u0022 under the governing Administrative Procedure Act because the FCC had completely reversed its position on fleeting expletives without giving a proper justification. The Second Circuit also failed to find any evidence that the expletives were harmful.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EIs the FCC\u0027s order imposing liability on Fox Television Stations for fleeting expletives spoken during two nationally broadcast awards ceremonies \u0022arbitrary and capricious\u0022 under the Administrative Procedure Act, based on the FCC\u0027s previous acceptance of similar expletives?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo. The Supreme Court held that the FCC\u0027s order was neither \u0022arbitrary\u0022 nor \u0022capricious.\u0022 Justice Antonin G. Scalia announced the judgment of the court in which Chief Justice John G. Roberts and Justices Anthony M. Kennedy, Clarence Thomas, and Samuel A. Alito joined in part, reasoning that the FCC need not prove that its change in policy is \u0022better\u0022 than its prior stance. Rather, the FCC need merely prove that its new policy is \u0022permissible\u0022 and that there are good reasons for it, as in this case.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Thomas wrote separately, concurring. Justice Kennedy also wrote separately, concurring in part and concurring in the judgment. He argued that when the FCC changes policy, such that it reverses its own precedent, it should explain why. Justice John Paul Stevens dissented. He argued that the FCC need explain why it changed its policy and disagreed that the word \u0022indecent\u0022 allowed the FCC to punish the broadcast of \u0022any\u0022 expletive that has a \u0022sexual or excretory origin.\u0022 Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg also dissented. She noted, that while the First Amendment issues surrounding the case were not addressed, they \u0022cast a shadow\u0022, and the Court should be mindful that words \u0022unpalatable to some may be commonplace for others.\u0022 Lastly, Justice Stephen G. Breyer dissented and was joined by Justices Stevens, Souter, and Ginsburg. He argued that the FCC failed to adequately explain why it changed its policy and thus its order with respect to the Fox Television Stations was \u0022arbitrary\u0022 and \u0022capricious.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":25346,"name":"Gregory G. Garre","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/gregory_g_garre","view_count":0,"last_name":"Garre","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"gregory_g_garre"},"advocate_description":"Solicitor General, argued the cause for the petitioners","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/19667"},{"advocate":{"ID":19760,"name":"Carter G. 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