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Horne, Superintendent, Arizona Public Instruction","second_party":"Miriam Flores et al.","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1231480800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40147"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1240203600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40148"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1245906000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40149"}],"lower_court":{"ID":5,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/5"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Arizona Superintendent of Public Instruction and members of the Arizona state legislature moved for relief from judgments of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. In January 2000, the court had cited the state for civil contempt for failing to adequately fund English Language Learner programs, in violation of the Equal Educational Opportunities Act and subsequently rejected proposed legislation as inadequate to resolve the programs\u0027 deficiencies. The superintendent and representatives argued that increases in state funding, changes in the management of the school district involved, and passage of the No Child Left Behind Act sufficiently altered the foundations of the district court\u0027s original ruling and therefore relief was warranted. The federal district court of Arizona denied the motion.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn appeal, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed. It reasoned that since Arizona never appealed or complied with the district court\u0027s original order that it was fair to require compliance.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDid the lower courts err in their analysis under Rule 60(b)(5) regarding Arizona\u0027s contention that changes in education law, including increased state funding, changes in the management of the school district involved, and passage of the No Child Left Behind Act had so altered the foundations of prior court rulings that relief from such judgments was warranted?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. The Supreme Court held that the lower courts erred in their analysis under Rule 60(b)(5). With Justice Samuel A. Alito writing for the majority and joined by Chief Justice John G. Roberts, and Justices Antonin G. Scalia, Anthony M. Kennedy, and Clarence Thomas, the Court criticized the lower courts for implementing a Rule 60(b)(5) standard that was too strict. 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