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Wilson","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1245646800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40499"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1259560800],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40500"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1269925200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40501"}],"lower_court":{"ID":9,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/9"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EIn 1995, a storm hit parts of western North Carolina causing extensive flooding and erosion. Graham and Cherokee Counties applied for assistance under the Emergency Watershed Protection Program (\u0022EWPP\u0022). Under the program, the counties would perform or hire to perform the necessary cleanup and repair work, paying for 25% of the costs, while the United States Department of Agriculture paid for the rest. During the cleanup, Karen Wilson, a secretary for the Graham Conservation District, raised concerns that she had about the legality of the awarded contracts. She filed suit in a North Carolina federal district court against Graham and Cherokee Counties, among others, under the False Claims Act. She alleged a conspiracy that tainted the execution of the EWPP contracts and rendered the claims for reimbursement false within the meaning of the False Claims Act. The defendants moved for summary judgment, arguing that the information underlying Ms. Wilson\u0027s claim was public disclosure and thus barred the court jurisdiction over the case. The court agreed and dismissed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn appeal, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit reversed. It held that the audit reports that underlied Ms. Wilson\u0027s claim was not public disclosure for the purpose of the False Claim Act, and thus the district court was not barred from hearing her case.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes an audit performed by a state or its political subdivisions constitute an administrative report within the meaning of the public disclosure jurisdictional bar of the False Claims Act?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. The Supreme Court reversed the Fourth Circuit, holding that the reference to \u0022administrative\u0022 reports, audits, and investigations within the FCA encompasses disclosures made in state and local sources as well as federal sources \u2013 like at issue in this case. With Justice John Paul Stevens writing for the majority, the Court reasoned that the FCA\u0027s plain language did not limit \u0022administrative\u0022 to federal sources, nor did it preclude the inclusion of state sources. Moreover, the Court looked at the legislative history of the FCA and found it inconclusive.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustice Antonin G. Scalia wrote separately, concurring in part and concurring in the judgment. He emphasized that the legislative history of a statute is not relevant in analyzing what a statute means. Justice Sonia Sotamayor joined by Justice Stephen G. Breyer also wrote separately, dissenting. She disagreed with the majority opinion in that it did not give sufficient weight to contextual and historical evidence of Congress\u0027 purpose in enacting the FCA. Under her analysis, she would hold that \u0022administrative\u0022 refers only to federal sources.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":18476,"name":"Christopher G. 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