{"ID":55774,"name":"Bullcoming v. New Mexico","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2010\/09-10876","view_count":0,"docket_number":"09-10876","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Donald Bullcoming","second_party":"New Mexico","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1285650000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40722"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1299045600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40723"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1308805200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/40724"}],"lower_court":{"ID":52,"name":"New Mexico Supreme Court","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/52"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EDonald Bullcoming of New Mexico was sentenced to two years in prison for a felony aggravated DWI\/DUI. The State introduced a blood alcohol test (blood draw) that was taken from Bullcoming under a search warrant issued following his refusal of the breath alcohol test. Bullcoming argued that the laboratory report of his blood draw results was testimonial evidence subject to the Confrontation Clause.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Mexico Court of Appeals affirmed the conviction, and upheld the trial court\u0027s ruling that the forensic report was a business record. The court ruled that a blood alcohol report is admissible as a public record and that it presented no issue under the Confrontation Clause because the report was non-testimonial. The New Mexico Supreme Court granted discretionary review, but while the case was pending, this U.S. Supreme Court issued its 2009 decision in \u003Cem\u003EMelendez-Diaz v.Massachusetts\u003C\/em\u003E, clarifying that forensic laboratory reports are testimonial and therefore the Sixth Amendment does not permit the prosecution to prove its case via ex parte out-of-court affidavits. In applying the \u003Cem\u003EMelendez-Diaz\u003C\/em\u003E ruling, the New Mexico Supreme Court held that the blood alcohol report was testimonial evidence, but it was admissible even though the forensic analyst who performed the test did not testify.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003ECan a blood-alcohol test admitted without the actual testimony of the person who prepared the results violate a criminal defendant\u0027s Sixth Amendment rights under the Confrontation Clause?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. The Supreme Court reversed and remanded the lower court order in an opinion by Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. \u0022The Confrontation Clause does not permit the prosecution to introduce a forensic laboratory report containing a testimonial certification, made in order to prove a fact at a criminal trial, through the in-court testimony of an analyst who did not sign the certification or personally perform or observe the performance of the test reported in the certification,\u0022 Ginsburg wrote, adding: \u0022The accused\u0027s right is to be confronted with the analyst who made the certification.\u0022 Justices Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan joined all but Part 4 of the opinion; Justice Clarence Thomas joined all but Part 4 and Footnote 6. Sotomayor concurred in part, writing: \u0022I agree with the Court that the trial court erred by admitting the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) report. I write separately first to highlight why I view the report at issue to be testimonial\u2014specifically because its \u0027primary purpose\u0027 is evidentiary\u2014and second to emphasize the limited reach of the Court\u0027s opinion.\u0022 Meanwhile, Anthony Kennedy dissented, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and Justices Stephen Breyer and Samuel Alito. \u0022Far from replacing live testimony with \u0027systematic\u0027 and \u0027extrajudicial\u0027 examinations, these procedures are fully consistent with the Confrontation Clause and with well-established principles for ensuring that criminal trials are conducted in full accord with requirements of fairness and reliability and with the confrontation guarantee.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":30283,"name":"Jeffrey L. 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