{"ID":55915,"name":"Florida v. Harris","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2012\/11-817","view_count":0,"docket_number":"11-817","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Florida","second_party":"Clayton Harris","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1332738000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/41108"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1351659600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/41109"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1361253600],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/41110"}],"lower_court":{"ID":30,"name":"Florida Supreme Court","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/30"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EThe State of Florida charged Clayton Harris with possession of pseudoephedrine with intent to manufacture methamphetamine. At trial, Harris moved to suppress evidence obtained during a warrantless search of his car. Police searched the car during a traffic stop for expired registration when a drug detection dog alerted the officer. This dog was trained to detect several types of illegal substances, but not pseudoephedrine. During the search, the officer found over 200 loose pills and other supplies for making methamphetamine. Harris argued that the dog\u0027s alert was false and did not provide probable cause for the search. The trial court denied Harris motion, holding that the totality of the circumstances indicated that there was probable cause to conduct the search. The First District Court of Appeal affirmed, but the Florida Supreme Court reversed, holding that the State did not prove the dog\u0027s reliability in drug detection sufficiently to show probable cause.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes a drug-detection dog\u0027s alert to the exterior of a vehicle provide an officer with probable cause to conduct a warrantless search of the interior of the vehicle?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EYes. Justice Elena Kagan, writing for a unanimous court, reversed the Florida Supreme Court. The U.S. Supreme Court rejected the lower court\u0027s rigid requirement that police officers show evidence of a dog\u0027s reliability in the field to prove probable cause. Probable cause is a flexible common sense test that takes the totality of the circumstances into account. A probable cause hearing for a dog alert should proceed like any other, allowing each side to make their best case with all evidence available. The record in this case supported the trial court\u0027s determination that police had probable cause to search Harris\u0027 car.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003ELearn more about the Roberts Court and the Fourth Amendment in \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/projects.oyez.org\/shifting-scales\/\u0022\u003EShifting Scales\u003C\/a\u003E, a nonpartisan Oyez resource.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":25346,"name":"Gregory G. Garre","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/gregory_g_garre","view_count":0,"last_name":"Garre","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"gregory_g_garre"},"advocate_description":"for the petitioner","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/20502"},{"advocate":{"ID":32447,"name":"Joseph R. 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