{"ID":55999,"name":"Burt v. Titlow","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2013\/12-414","view_count":0,"docket_number":"12-414","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Sherry L. Burt, Warden","second_party":"Vonlee Nicole Titlow","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1361772000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/41325"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1381208400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/41326"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1383631200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/41570"}],"lower_court":null,"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EIn August 2000, Vonlee Nicole Titlow helped his aunt Billie Rogers murder his wealthy uncle Donald Rogers. After Titlow was charged with first-degree murder, the prosecution offered him a plea bargain. In exchange for testifying against Billie Rogers, Titlow could plead guilty to manslaughter and receive a reduced sentence. After consulting with his attorney, Titlow accepted the deal. However, before sentencing, Titlow spoke to a sheriff\u0027s deputy who suggested that he withdraw his guilty plea and consult another attorney. Titlow followed the deputy\u0027s advice, hired a new attorney and withdrew his guilty plea.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFollowing his trial, a jury convicted Titlow of second-degree murder and sentenced him to 20-to-40 years in prison. This led Titlow to accuse his second attorney of ineffective assistance of counsel for allowing him to withdraw the original guilty plea. Both the trial court and the Michigan Court of Appeals rejected Titlow\u0027s claim. Titlow petitioned the Michigan Supreme Court to hear his case, but they refused to do so.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETitlow then petitioned for federal habeas corpus relief, but the district court denied his claim as well. The district court held that Titlow failed to meet the standard for overturning a state-court conviction under the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (\u0022AEDPA\u0022). The Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit reversed the lower court\u0027s decision and ordered the state to reoffer Titlow\u0027s original plea agreement. The appellate court held that Titlow\u0027s second attorney was ineffective for failing to investigate his claims further, failing to obtain documents from the first attorney, and failing to convince Titlow to take the plea bargain.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003E1. Did the Sixth Circuit give appropriate deference to the Michigan trial court under the AEDPA?\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Can a defendant establish prejudice in an ineffective assistance claim by presenting subjective testimony that he would have accepted the plea offer absent the attorney\u0027s deficient advice?\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Does the Court\u0027s decision in \u003Cem\u003ELafler v. Cooper\u003C\/em\u003E require a state trial court to resentence a defendant when he claims that ineffective assistance of counsel led him to reject a plea offer?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ENo; no; unanswered. Justice Samuel A. Alito, Jr. delivered the opinion for the 9-0 majority. The Supreme Court held that, when a state prisoner asks a federal court to set aside a sentence due to ineffective assistance of counsel, the AEDPA requires the Court of Appeals to apply a \u0022doubly-deferential\u0022 standard in which both the state court and the defense attorney are given the benefit of the doubt. Because the state court\u0027s factual determination is assumed to be correct, the state prisoner has the burden to disprove that determination with clear and convincing evidence. In this case, the Court held that there was no convincing evidence that the new counsel\u0027s advice did not stem from the defendant\u0027s continued protestations of innocence. In the absence of such evidence, the new counsel\u0027s advice was reasonable and the defendant could not prove that he received ineffective assistance of counsel.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn her concurring opinion, Justice Sonia Sotomayor wrote that the defendant had the burden to prove that the new counsel acted ineffectively and that the state court decided the case incorrectly\u2014both burdens that the defendant did not meet. Justice Sotomayor also emphasized the limited scope of the ruling in this case, which referred only to the facts at hand. Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg wrote a separate concurring opinion in which she argued that the plea deal became invalid when the defendant refused to testify against her aunt, so the prosecutor could not be directed to renew a plea deal that could no longer exist. Without the existence of a still-possible plea deal, there was no reversible error in the trial.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":29018,"name":"John J. 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