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Madison has suffered strokes resulting in significant cognitive and physical impairments, and his lawyers argue that he is mentally incompetent to be executed under the Supreme Court\u0027s jurisprudence in \u003Cem\u003EFord v. Wainwright\u003C\/em\u003E and \u003Cem\u003EPanetti v. Quarterman\u003C\/em\u003E. At a competency hearing held by an Alabama trial court, Madison\u0027s lawyers presented testimony from a doctor that Madison\u0027s strokes caused him not to remember committing the murder and that he does not understand why the state is seeking to execute him. The State presented a different doctor\u0027s expert testimony that Madison was able to accurately discuss his legal appeals and legal theories with his attorneys and thus that he has a rational understanding of his sentence.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe trial court decided that Madison was competent to be executed, but the Eleventh Circuit reversed, finding that facts in the record were insufficient to support the trial court\u0027s decision and that the trial court erroneously applied the test for competency established in Panetti.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00a0\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EWas the state court objectively unreasonable in concluding that Madison was competent to be executed?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EIn a per curiam opinion, the court held that because the state court\u2019s determinations of law and fact were not \u201cso lacking in justification\u201d as to give rise to error \u201cbeyond any possibility for fairminded disagreement,\u201d Vernon Madison\u2019s claim to federal habeas relief must fail. Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg filed a concurring opinion, in which Justices Stephen Breyer and Sonia Sotomayor joined, pointing out that the issue whether a state may administer the death penalty to someone who cannot remember committing the capital offense is a substantial question not addressed by the Court, but which is foreclosed in this case by the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996. 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