{"ID":63360,"name":"Houston Community College System v. Wilson","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2021\/20-804","view_count":0,"docket_number":"20-804","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Houston Community College System","second_party":"David Buren Wilson","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1619413200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/54896"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1635829200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/54964"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1648098000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/55066"}],"lower_court":{"ID":10,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/10"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Houston Community College (HCC) System operates community colleges throughout the greater Houston area. HCC is run by a Board of nine trustees, each of which is elected by the public to serve a six-year term without remuneration. David Wilson was elected to the Board as a trustee on November 5, 2013. Starting in 2017, Wilson criticized the other trustees, alleging that they had violated the Board\u2019s bylaws, and made various other criticisms of the Board. As a result, the Board censured Wilson and barred him from holding officer positions on the Board or from receiving travel reimbursements.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWilson sued HCC, alleging that the censure violated his First Amendment right to free speech. The district court ruled against him, and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit reversed. In holding for Wilson, the Fifth Circuit concluded that the First Amendment precludes community college boards from censuring members for their speech.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes the First Amendment restrict the authority of an elected body to issue a censure resolution in response to a member\u2019s speech?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003EA purely verbal censure does not give rise to an actionable First Amendment claim. Justice Neil Gorsuch authored the opinion for a unanimous Court, holding that Wilson lacked an actionable First Amendment claim against the Houston Community College System.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe First Amendment prohibits laws \u201cabridging the freedom of speech,\u201d which includes a prohibition on \u201cretaliatory actions\u201d for engaging in protected speech. However, elected bodies have long exercised the power to censure their members, and the Court\u2019s precedents affirm that mere censure does not afoul of the First Amendment. That Wilson was an elected official and that the censure itself was mere speech by other members within the same elected body support the conclusion that the censure was not a materially adverse action and thus did not give rise to a First Amendment claim.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":63411,"name":"Richard A. 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