{"ID":63705,"name":"Thompson v. United States","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/cases\/2024\/23-1095","view_count":0,"docket_number":"23-1095","additional_docket_numbers":null,"manner_of_jurisdiction":"Writ of \u003Ci\u003Ecertiorari\u003C\/i\u003E","first_party":"Patrick D. Thompson","second_party":"United States of America","timeline":[{"event":"Granted","dates":[1728018000],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/55533"},{"event":"Argued","dates":[1736834400],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/55555"},{"event":"Decided","dates":[1742533200],"href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_timeline\/case_timeline\/55623"}],"lower_court":{"ID":12,"name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/taxonomy\/term\/12"},"facts_of_the_case":"\u003Cp\u003EPatrick Thompson took out three loans from Washington Federal Bank for Savings between 2011 and 2014, totaling $219,000. In late 2017, Washington Federal failed, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) became its receiver, hiring Planet Home Lending to service the loans. Thompson received an invoice showing a loan balance of $269,120.58, which included interest.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn subsequent phone calls with Planet Home and FDIC contractors in February and March 2018, Thompson disputed the higher balance. He acknowledged borrowing money but claimed he had only borrowed $110,000, omitting mention of the two additional loans. When the contractors found out about Thompson\u2019s 2013 and 2014 loans shortly thereafter, they called Thompson back on March 5, 2018, he again expressed doubt over the accuracy of the higher loan balance. Eventually, Thompson and the FDIC agreed to settle his debt for $219,000\u2014the amount Thompson owed without interest in December 2018.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn April 2021, a grand jury charged Thompson with two counts of violating 18 U.S.C. \u00a7 1014\u2014a statute that criminalizes making a \u201cfalse statement . . . for the purpose of influencing in any way the action\u201d of the FDIC or a mortgage lending business. After a six-day trial, a jury convicted Thompson of both counts, and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit affirmed.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","question":"\u003Cp\u003EDoes the prohibition in 18 U.S.C. \u00a7 1014 on making a \u201cfalse statement\u201d for the purposes of influencing certain financial institutions and federal agencies include making statements that are misleading but not false?\u003C\/p\u003E\n","conclusion":"\u003Cp\u003ETitle 18 U.S.C. \u00a7 1014, which prohibits \u201cknowingly mak[ing] any false statement,\u201d does not criminalize statements that are misleading but not false. Chief Justice John Roberts authored the unanimous opinion of the Court.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe term \u201cfalse\u201d in \u00a7 1014 means \u201cnot true,\u201d excluding statements that are misleading but factually accurate. The statute does not use the word \u201cmisleading,\u201d even though Congress has included that term in other statutes when intending to criminalize deceptive but true statements. Because misleading statements are sometimes true, they do not fit within \u00a7 1014\u2019s prohibition on \u201cfalse statements.\u201d The statutory context confirms this interpretation, as a broad reading that includes misleading statements would render other statutes\u2019 use of both \u201cfalse\u201d and \u201cmisleading\u201d redundant.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrecedent further supports this distinction. The Court in United States v. Wells concluded that \u00a7 1014 does not have an unwritten materiality requirement because Congress did not include that term in the statute. Similarly, \u00a7 1014 does not encompass misleading statements simply because they might deceive. The Court rejected the government\u2019s reliance on Kay v. United States, explaining that Kay primarily discussed false statements made with intent to mislead, not statements that were misleading but true. Because neither the district court nor the Seventh Circuit determined whether Thompson\u2019s statements were false, the Court remanded for further proceedings on that issue.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","advocates":[{"advocate":{"ID":63744,"name":"Chris C. Gair","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/people\/chris_c_gair","view_count":0,"last_name":"Gair","roles":null,"thumbnail":null,"length_of_service":0,"identifier":"chris_c_gair"},"advocate_description":"for the Petitioner","href":"https:\/\/api.oyez.org\/case_advocate\/case_advocate\/23668"},{"advocate":{"ID":63570,"name":"Caroline A. 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